A Nanostructured Electrochromic Supercapacitor

Wei, Di; Scherer, Maik R. J.; Bower, Chris; Andrew, Piers; Ryhänen, Tapani; Steiner, Ullrich

doi:10.1021/nl2042112

Cited by 378 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Reproduced with permission. [ 471 ] Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society. C) Color change of thin-fi lm electrodes of the Prussian blue analogues (Li,Na) 4 y -2 M[Fe(CN) 6 ] y z H 2 O in the charge and discharge states for different M. Reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Optically Active Schemes/confi Gurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 474 ] Nanostructured metallic oxides have been explored by Wei and Scherer for the realization of electrochromic ultracapacitors. [ 471,475 ] To increase the surface to volume ratio and enhance the ion-intercalation processes the authors used a self-assembled block-copolymer patterning approach to structure the V 2 O 5 and NiO active materials into ordered bicontinuous double-gyroid networks. The symmetric V 2 O 5 -V 2 O 5 supercapacitor exhibited high specifi c capacitance of 155 F g −1 as well as high power densities due to short ion diffusion lengths, good electronic transport and large surface area enabling fast Li + insertion/extraction.…”

Section: Wileyonlinelibrarycommentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design Considerations for Unconventional Electrochemical Energy Storage Architectures

Vlad

Singh

Galande

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

299

204

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all need to be used in conjugation with an energy storage system to provide smooth power leveling. Currently, electrochemical energy storage systems are by far the most optimal solutions for powering a broad range of technologies, expanding from compact and light-weighted portable electronic devices to stationary gridscale energy storage applications. [3][4][5][6] These energy storage devices (batteries and supercapacitors) store the available electrical energy in the form of chemical energy and release it whenever needed, by simply reversing the electrochemical reaction. [7][8][9][10][11] Among various available battery chemistries, lithium batteries and supercapacitors are the most promising technologies. [ 7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Ever since the realization of the fi rst electrochemical energy storage cell by Alessandro Volta (end of 17th century), the working principle and its function has changed very little. [ 21,22 ] Basically, two redox couples (or charge storage electrodes), electrically and physically separated, are bridged by an ion conducting medium to constitute an electrochemical cell. This holds true also for modern Li-ion batteries, although the chemistry involved is much more complex. During operation, the electrons are transferred through an external circuit while ions shuttle through the electrolyte to counterbalance the depleted charge at the electrodes. [ 23 ] So far, much of the effort has been directed towards improvement of the energy and power characteristics by downsizing the active components, re-engineering the current collectors and separators, as well as fi ne-tuning the Batteries have become fundamental building blocks for the mobility of modern society. Continuous development of novel battery chemistries and electrode materials has nourished progress in building better batteries. Simultaneously, novel device form factors and designs with multi-functional components have been proposed, requiring batteries to not only integrate seamlessly to these devices, but to also be a multi-functional component for a multitude of applications. Thus, in the past decade, along with developments in the component materials, the focus has been shifting more and more towards novel fabrication processes, unconventional confi gurations, and additional functionalities. This work attempts to critically review the developments with respect to emerging electrochemical energy storage confi gurations, including, amongst others, paintable, transparent, fl exible, wire or cable shaped, ultra-thin and ultra-thick confi gurations, as well as hybrid energy storage-conversion, or graphene-incorporated batteries and supercapacitors. The performance requirements are elaborated together with the advantages, but also the limitations, with respect to established electrochemical energy storage technologies. Finally, challenges in developing novel materials with tailored properties that would allow such confi gurations, and in designing easier manufacturing techniques that can be widely adopted ar...

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Section: Optically Active Schemes/confi Gurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wileyonlinelibrarycommentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Considerations for Unconventional Electrochemical Energy Storage Architectures

Vlad

Singh

Galande

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

299

204

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“…[1][2][3][4] In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) material architectures 5 have become a particularly attractive approach to achieving significant improvements in charge rate performance, maintenance of specific capacity and opportunities for higher power density supercapacitors. [6][7][8][9] For this reason, the development of synthesis routes for the fabrication of three-dimensional nanostructured active materials onto metallic current collector substrates is important. [10][11][12][13] Electrodeposition is a particularly facile route for the formation of metal and metal oxide films on a variety of conductive substrates and has recently gained a lot of attention for synthesising three-dimensional materials when combined with templates and sacrificial architecture-directing structures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Vanadium Oxide Inverse Opal Growth by Electrodeposition

Armstrong

O’Sullivan

O’Connell

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Three-dimensional vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) material architectures in the form of inverse opals (IOs) were fabricated using a simple electrodeposition process into artificial opal templates on stainless steel foil using an aqueous solution of VOSO 4 .χH 2 O with added ethanol. The direct deposition of V 2 O 5 IOs was compared with V 2 O 5 planar electrodeposition and confirms a similar progressive nucleation and growth mechanism. An in-depth examination of the chemical and morphological nature of the IO material was performed using X-ray crystallography, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman scattering and scanning/transmission electron microscopy. Electrodeposition is demonstrated to be a function of the interstitial void fraction of the artificial opal and ionic diffusivity that leads to high quality, phase pure V 2 O 5 inverse opals is not adversely affected by diffusion pathway tortuosity. Methods to alleviate electrodeposited overlayer formation on the artificial opal templates for the fabrication of the porous 3D structures are also demonstrated. Such a 3D material is ideally suited as a cathode for lithium ion batteries, electrochromic devices, sensors and for applications requiring high surface area electrochemically active metal oxides. The growth in portable electronics and the need for cleaner energy solutions has led to the rising interest in materials research and energy storage material architectures that may help drive advancement in energy storage technologies to mitigate current issues in some energy storage materials and batteries such as capacity fading and lower life times, for example. [1][2][3][4] In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) material architectures 5 have become a particularly attractive approach to achieving significant improvements in charge rate performance, maintenance of specific capacity and opportunities for higher power density supercapacitors. [6][7][8][9] For this reason, the development of synthesis routes for the fabrication of three-dimensional nanostructured active materials onto metallic current collector substrates is important. [10][11][12][13] Electrodeposition is a particularly facile route for the formation of metal and metal oxide films on a variety of conductive substrates and has recently gained a lot of attention for synthesising three-dimensional materials when combined with templates and sacrificial architecture-directing structures. [14][15][16][17] Vanadium pentoxide is a particularly attractive replacement cathode material with its mixed valence, V 4+ and V 5+ , making it an ideal candidate for a large number of redox-dependent applications. 23-26 While the lattice structure is theoretically maintained upon mild intercalation, phase changes are known to occur and the interlayer van der Waals spacing characteristic of its layered orthorhombic crystal structure can become deformed at lower voltages (higher Li mole fraction). 27,28 Large particle sizes can also limit the solid state diffusional rate of cation insertion. The growth of a porous, thre...

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“…[202] Moreover, electrochromic materials change their color reversibly by charge insertion/extraction or chemical reduction/oxidation, which is quite similar to the reaction kinetics of electrode materials in supercapacitors or batteries. [203] For this reason, bifunctional electrochromic supercapacitors [204][205][206] and batteries [207,208] have been demonstrated as smart energy devices with the function of presenting their charging states by color change. [209] Therefore, the strategies for STECs and STICs in stretchable transparent supercapacitors can be used to fabricate stretchable transparent electrochromic energy storage devices and electrochromic devices by incorporating electrochromic materials into STECs or STICs.…”

Section: Electrochromic Supercapacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformable and Transparent Ionic and Electronic Conductors for Soft Energy Devices

Park

Parida

Lee

2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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The recent boom in deformable or stretchable electronics, flexible transparent displays/screens, and their integration into the human body has facilitated the development of multifunctional energy devices that are stretchable, transparent, wearable, and/or biocompatible while meeting the energy or power requirements. The development of soft energy systems begins with the preparation of relevant conductors and the design of innovative device configurations. In this study, recent advances and trends in stretchable and transparent electronic and ionic conductors are reviewed coupled with the growing efforts to use them for soft energy storage and conversion systems. Stretchable transparent ionic conductors present possibilities for use as current collectors and electrolytes in soft electronic/energy devices, providing novel insight into biofriendly systems for an effective human–machine interaction. Moreover, representative examples that demonstrate soft energy devices based on stretchable transparent ionic/electronic conductors are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the challenges and perspectives of developing novel stretchable transparent conductors and device configurations with tailored features are also considered.

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A Nanostructured Electrochromic Supercapacitor

Cited by 378 publications

References 26 publications

Design Considerations for Unconventional Electrochemical Energy Storage Architectures

Design Considerations for Unconventional Electrochemical Energy Storage Architectures

3D Vanadium Oxide Inverse Opal Growth by Electrodeposition

Deformable and Transparent Ionic and Electronic Conductors for Soft Energy Devices

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