A Narrative Review of Physician Perspectives Regarding the Social and Environmental Determinants of Obesity

Noriea, Ashley H; Patel, Feenalie N; Werner, Debra A.; Peek, Monica E.

doi:10.1007/s11892-018-0990-8

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with previous studies that demonstrate that NCDs are more prevalent among the population with lower socioeconomic status [50]. Additionally, food insecurity seems to play an important role in NAFLD onset, as food-insecure households have been described as having a greater burden of cardiometabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension [51,52]. Food insecurity is characterized by difficult access to healthy food, which can lead to an early obesity onset in young ages that ends up with a metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Therefore, since NAFLD is a metabolic disease, the increased NAFLD prevalence in the food-insecure population can be related to a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome among this population [33]. In addition, low socioeconomic position is also associated with other individual outcomes such as depression and anxiety, or community conditions such as poor healthcare access or absence of safe spaces to exercise [51] that could also participate in inequalities in NAFLD distribution and outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Do We Know about Inequalities in NAFLD Distribution and Outcomes? A Scoping Review

Talens

Tumas

Lazarus

et al. 2021

JCM

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With prevalence high and rising given the close relationship with obesity and diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is progressively becoming the most common chronic liver condition worldwide. However, little is known about the health inequalities in NAFLD distribution and outcomes. This review aims to analyze health inequalities in NAFLD distribution globally and to assess the health disparities in NAFLD-related outcomes. We conducted a scoping review of global health inequalities in NAFLD distribution and outcomes according to gender/sex, ethnicity/race, and socioeconomic position from PubMed’s inception to May 2021. Ultimately, 20 articles were included in the review, most (75%) of them carried out in the United States. Males were found to have a higher NAFLD prevalence (three articles), while available evidence suggests that women have an overall higher burden of advanced liver disease and complications (four articles), whereas they are less likely to be liver-transplanted once cirrhosis develops (one article). In the US, the Hispanic population had the highest NAFLD prevalence and poorer outcomes (seven articles), whereas Whites had fewer complications than other ethnicities (two articles). Patients with low socioeconomic status had higher NAFLD prevalence (four articles) and a higher likelihood of progression and complications (five articles). In conclusion, globally there is a lack of studies analyzing NAFLD prevalence and outcomes according to various axes of inequality through joint intersectional appraisals, and most studies included in our review were based on the US population. Available evidence suggests that NAFLD distribution and outcomes show large inequalities by social group. Further research on this issue is warranted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do We Know about Inequalities in NAFLD Distribution and Outcomes? A Scoping Review

Talens

Tumas

Lazarus

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Although some biological factors are essential for the development of these diseases, cultural and social components, together with socioeconomic factors such as profession and income, contribute to the development of social behaviors that are also crucial to their appearance. 18 Historically, pandemics cause higher mortality rates in more vulnerable populations (e.g., the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic). 19 With the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential for the social factors that determine a poor prognosis to be understood and this way developing early interventions and control strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social determinants of health associated with severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19

Ortega-Palavecinos¹,

Soto-Carmona²,

Torres-Gangas³

et al. 2023

GMM

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Introduction: Historically, pandemics have resulted in higher mortality rates in the most vulnerable populations. Social determinants of health (SDH) have been associated with people morbidity and mortality at different levels. Objective: To determine the relationship between SDH and COVID-19 severity and mortality. Methods: Retrospective study, where data from patients with COVID-19 were collected at a public hospital in Chile. Sociodemographic variables related to structural SDH were classified according to the following categories: gender, age (< 65 years, ≥ 65 years), secondary education (completed or not), work status (active, inactive) and income (< USD 320, ≥ USD 320). Results: A total of 1,012 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were included. Average age was 64.2 ± 17.5 years. Mortality of the entire sample was 14.5 %. Age, level of education, unemployment and income had a strong association with mortality (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings reinforce the idea that SDH should be considered a public health priority, which is why political efforts should focus on reducing health inequalities for future generations.

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“…The risk factors for obesity include social environmental factors (7), psychological factors (8), and genetic factors (9). The rise in obesity can be explained by the following.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of obesity among university students

Xue

Zhang

et al. 2021

Ann Palliat Med

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Background: Obesity, as an epidemic disease, is distributed among all age groups, including children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. The goal of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) concerning obesity among university students.Methods: In total, 1,317 questionnaires were filled out by 1,317 (466 male and 851 female) randomly selected students aged range from 16 to 24. All participants agreed to provide personal information in this study. A self-designed questionnaire was applied to collect demographic characteristics and assess the KAP of obesity. Gender, height, weight, grade, sleep and income were included in the population questionnaire.Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the respondent rate of KAP among students.Results: In the survey, 64.9% of respondents believed that obesity was a disease. Only a few people cared about their body shape. Most of the participants in the study had practices that were detrimental to their health, including irregular dieting (52.9%), surfing the internet, and playing games (58.5%) in their spare time.Conclusions: This study identified that lacking knowledge of obesity was common among college students. Most respondents had a positive attitude about preventing obesity by focusing on dieting and exercise. Thus, education related to obesity should be strengthening among university students to translate attitude into practice.

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A Narrative Review of Physician Perspectives Regarding the Social and Environmental Determinants of Obesity

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

What Do We Know about Inequalities in NAFLD Distribution and Outcomes? A Scoping Review

What Do We Know about Inequalities in NAFLD Distribution and Outcomes? A Scoping Review

Social determinants of health associated with severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of obesity among university students

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