A Neuronal Pathway that Commands Deceleration in Drosophila Larval Light-Avoidance

Gong, Caixia; Ouyang, Zhenhuan; Zhao, Weiqiao; Wang, Jie; Li, Kun; Zhou, Peipei; Zhao, Ting; Zheng, Nenggan; Gong, Zhefeng

doi:10.1007/s12264-019-00349-w

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Clock defects affect the rhythmicity of Ptth -expression oscillations during L3, which is believed to affect the generation of correctly timed ecdysone pulses. PTTH also acts on peripheral light-sensing organs to control larval light-avoidance behavior ( Gong et al 2010 , 2019 ; Yamanaka et al 2013b ), thereby coordinating behavioral and developmental transitions.…”

Section: Body-size Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Body Size and Growth Control

Texada¹,

Kaburagi²,

Rewitz³

2020

Genetics

129

146

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The control of body and organ growth is essential for the development of adults with proper size and proportions, which is important for survival and reproduction. In animals, adult body size is determined by the rate and duration of juvenile growth, which are influenced by the environment. In nutrient-scarce environments in which more time is needed for growth, the juvenile growth period can be extended by delaying maturation, whereas juvenile development is rapidly completed in nutrient-rich conditions. This flexibility requires the integration of environmental cues with developmental signals that govern internal checkpoints to ensure that maturation does not begin until sufficient tissue growth has occurred to reach a proper adult size. The Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway is the primary cell-autonomous nutrient sensor, while circulating hormones such as steroids and insulin-like growth factors are the main systemic regulators of growth and maturation in animals. We discuss recent findings in Drosophila melanogaster showing that cell-autonomous environment and growth-sensing mechanisms, involving TOR and other growth-regulatory pathways, that converge on insulin and steroid relay centers are responsible for adjusting systemic growth, and development, in response to external and internal conditions. In addition to this, proper organ growth is also monitored and coordinated with whole-body growth and the timing of maturation through modulation of steroid signaling. This coordination involves interorgan communication mediated by Drosophila insulin-like peptide 8 in response to tissue growth status. Together, these multiple nutritional and developmental cues feed into neuroendocrine hubs controlling insulin and steroid signaling, serving as checkpoints at which developmental progression toward maturation can be delayed. This review focuses on these mechanisms by which external and internal conditions can modulate developmental growth and ensure proper adult body size, and highlights the conserved architecture of this system, which has made Drosophila a prime model for understanding the coordination of growth and maturation in animals.

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Section: Body-size Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Body Size and Growth Control

Texada¹,

Kaburagi²,

Rewitz³

2020

Genetics

129

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CC-BY 4.0 International license perpetuity. It is made available under a preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in The copyright holder for this this version posted November 24, 2020. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.24.395848 doi: bioRxiv preprint The procedure of light spot assay was largely same as previously described (Zhao et al, 2019). In short, half of the petri dish containing a 1.5% agar plate was covered to create a dark environment, white light above the petri dish illuminate the uncovered half.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We investigated the effect of temperature on larval light avoidance by testing 3 rd instar larval light preference using a simple light/dark choice assay (Gong et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2019) with white light intensity of 550 lux (about 23.3 μW/mm 2 ) for 10 minutes at temperatures ranging from 15 ℃ . CC-BY 4.0 International license perpetuity.…”

Section: Drosophila Larval Light Avoidance Was Negatively Regulated Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2b). We used flp-out technology (Zhao et al, 2019) to reveal single neuronal morphology in the brain and found that the three pairs of neurons in the brain were divided into two categories: in the first category, each of the two pairs of neurons has dendrites and cell body ipsilaterally located in anterior brain hemisphere and an axon projecting contralaterally to the other hemisphere ( Fig. 2c, e); in the second category, each of the third pair of neurons has cell body and dendritic arborizations as well as axonal arborizations all in the same brain hemisphere (Fig.…”

Section: R60f09-gal4 Labeled Neurons Were Putatively Required For Regmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Downstream to these neurons includes a neural pathway consisting of PTTH neurons (Gong et al, 2010), EH neurons and Tdc2 motor neurons that commands light induced deceleration response (Gong et al, 2019), and another pathway including LRIN R13B07 neurons and CLPN R82B09 neurons that mediates light induced reorientation (Zhao, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drosophilalarval light avoidance is negatively regulated by temperature through two pairs of central brain neurons

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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Animal’s innate avoidance behavior is crucial for its survival. It subjects to modulation by environmental conditions in addition to the commanding sensorimotor transformation pathway. Although much has been known about the commanding neural basis, relatively less is known about how innate avoidance behavior is shaped by external conditions. Here in this paper, we report that Drosophila larvae showed stronger light avoidance at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures. Such negative regulation of light avoidance by temperature was abolished by blocking two pairs of central brain neurons, ACLPR60F09 neurons, that were responsive to both light and temperature change, including cooling and warming. ACLPR60F09 neurons could be excited by pdf-LaN neurons in the visual pathway. On the downstream side, they could inhibit the CLPNR82B09 neurons that command light induced reorientation behavior. Compared with at warm temperature, ACLPR60F09 neurons’ response to light was decreased at cool temperature so that the inhibition on CLPNR82B09 neurons was relieved and the light induced avoidance was enhanced. Our result proposed a neural mechanism underlying cross-modal modulation of animal innate avoidance behavior.

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Hormonal axes in Drosophila: regulation of hormone release and multiplicity of actions

Nässel

Zandawala

2020

Cell Tissue Res

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Hormones regulate development, as well as many vital processes in the daily life of an animal. Many of these hormones are peptides that act at a higher hierarchical level in the animal with roles as organizers that globally orchestrate metabolism, physiology and behavior. Peptide hormones can act on multiple peripheral targets and simultaneously convey basal states, such as metabolic status and sleep-awake or arousal across many central neuronal circuits. Thereby, they coordinate responses to changing internal and external environments. The activity of neurosecretory cells is controlled either by (1) cell autonomous sensors, or (2) by other neurons that relay signals from sensors in peripheral tissues and (3) by feedback from target cells. Thus, a hormonal signaling axis commonly comprises several components. In mammals and other vertebrates, several hormonal axes are known, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis or the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis that regulate reproduction and metabolism, respectively. It has been proposed that the basic organization of such hormonal axes is evolutionarily old and that cellular homologs of the hypothalamic-pituitary system can be found for instance in insects. To obtain an appreciation of the similarities between insect and vertebrate neurosecretory axes, we review the organization of neurosecretory cell systems in Drosophila. Our review outlines the major peptidergic hormonal pathways known in Drosophila and presents a set of schemes of hormonal axes and orchestrating peptidergic systems. The detailed organization of the larval and adult Drosophila neurosecretory systems displays only very basic similarities to those in other arthropods and vertebrates.

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A Neuronal Pathway that Commands Deceleration in Drosophila Larval Light-Avoidance

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Regulation of Body Size and Growth Control

Regulation of Body Size and Growth Control

Drosophilalarval light avoidance is negatively regulated by temperature through two pairs of central brain neurons

Hormonal axes in Drosophila: regulation of hormone release and multiplicity of actions

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