2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2020.101623
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A new approach for addressing endogeneity issues in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate financial performance

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Cited by 79 publications
(39 citation statements)
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“…City GDP is measured as the natural logarithm of the gross domestic product in each city. Province marketization is given by the marketization index derived from the annual report of the NERI (Liu et al, 2021). This index captures institutional development in each province of China.…”
Section: Controlsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…City GDP is measured as the natural logarithm of the gross domestic product in each city. Province marketization is given by the marketization index derived from the annual report of the NERI (Liu et al, 2021). This index captures institutional development in each province of China.…”
Section: Controlsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…First, we use the firm-level data from a nationwide survey of Chinese private firms conducted in 2013 jointly by the United Front Work Department of the Chinese Communist Party, the All China Industry and Commerce Federation, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce of China, and the China Private Economy Society. This dataset is the most recently available one at the time of this research and has been widely used in the mostly recent studies (Liu et al , 2020; Yang and Tang, 2020). This survey covers all 31 provinces and all industry sectors in China using multistage-stratified random sampling methods.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We obtained the data for this study from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR) database (http://www.gtarsc.com/, accessed on 1 May 2021), which is available through the Wharton Research Data Services. CSMAR database was developed by Guo Tai An Company, which is the largest enterprise database in China, and is now widely used to obtain data of Chinese companies [92][93][94][95][96]. This database provides the data of variables in this study, such as the company's revenue, the number of managers, the number of R&D personnel, the number of ordinary employees, and the ending balance of fixed assets, etc.…”
Section: Data Source and Sample Periodmentioning
confidence: 99%