A New Approach for Provenance Studies of Archaeological Finds: Inferences from Trace Elements in Carbonate Minerals of Alpine White Marbles by a Bench-to-Top <i>μ</i>-XRF Spectrometer

Vaggelli, G.; Serra, Margherita; Cossio, Roberto; Borghi, Alessandro

doi:10.1155/2014/217916

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…50 XRF analysis of our hydrated cement finds 66 wt % CaO (Table 1); the CaO content of marbles and limestones is relatively close to this value with measurements of approximately 55% appearing typical. 51,52 As such, we suggest that limestone and marble are likely to be suitable alternative substrate materials for the deposition process described in this work.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Biogenic Hydroxyapatite: A New Material for the Preservation and Restoration of the Built Environment

Turner

Renshaw

Hamilton

2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is by weight the world's most produced man-made material and is used in a variety of applications in environments ranging from buildings, to nuclear wasteforms, and within the human body. In this paper, we present for the first time the direct deposition of biogenic hydroxyapatite onto the surface of OPC in a synergistic process which uses the composition of the cement substrate. This hydroxyapatite is very similar to that found in nature, having a similar crystallite size, iron and carbonate substitution, and a semi-crystalline structure. Hydroxyapatites with such a structure are known to be mechanically stronger and more biocompatible than synthetic or biomimetic hydroxyapatites. The formation of this biogenic hydroxyapatite coating therefore has significance in a range of contexts. In medicine, hydroxyapatite coatings are linked to improved biocompatibility of ceramic implant materials. In the built environment, hydroxyapatite coatings have been proposed for the consolidation and protection of sculptural materials such as marble and limestone, with biogenic hydroxyapatites having reduced solubility compared to synthetic apatites. Hydroxyapatites have also been established as effective for the adsorption and remediation of environmental contaminants such as radionuclides and heavy metals. We identify that in addition to providing a biofilm scaffold for nucleation, the metabolic activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens increases the pH of the growth medium to a suitable level for hydroxyapatite formation. The generated ammonia reacts with phosphate in the growth medium, producing ammonium phosphates which are a precursor to the formation of hydroxyapatite under conditions of ambient temperature and pressure. Subsequently, this biogenic deposition process takes place in a simple reaction system under mild chemical conditions and is cheap and easy to apply to fragile biological or architectural surfaces.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Biogenic Hydroxyapatite: A New Material for the Preservation and Restoration of the Built Environment

Turner

Renshaw

Hamilton

2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Also it is worth noting that the composition of the samples is very similar based on many of REE elements. The analysis of the correlation between the trace elements and the minor constituents in the composition of carbonate stones is a useful way of studying the provenance of these type of stones [64,65]. Figure 9a Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and petrographic identification of stone quarries used for the construction of the Anahita Temple of Kangavar (West Iran)

et al. 2020

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The archaeological site of the Anahita Temple in Kangavar is one of the best-known stone monuments in western Iran and dates back to the Persian Empire period of Iranian history (about 550 BC to 650 AD). The Temple was constructed on a semi-artificial hill out of large stone blocks, many of which are cubic in shape, and short thick columns. In the Kangavar area (basin) there are various sites in which there is evidence of stone extraction. The aim of this paper is to characterize the stones used in the Anahita Temple of Kangavar and their correlations with the quarrying activities observed in the Kangavar regions. In fact, we tried to find out which of these quarries may have been the source of the stone blocks used in the construction of the Anahita Temple. To this end the stones used in the Temple have been characterized by conducting a multi-analytical study involving chemical, mineralogical and textural analyses including XRF, XRD and thin section petrography. The results show that although all the quarries could have provided the stone used in the construction of the Temple, the largest, most probable source was the Chel Maran quarry. It is due to the more similarity of stones used in the Anahita Temple and the samples from this quarry from geochemical point of view as well as the archaeological evidences present in this quarry. The results are also useful for conservators to select appropriate materials for reconstruction of the decayed parts of the Anahita Temple.

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Micro XRF

Mentzer

2017

Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology

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A New Approach for Provenance Studies of Archaeological Finds: Inferences from Trace Elements in Carbonate Minerals of Alpine White Marbles by a Bench-to-Top μ-XRF Spectrometer

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Biogenic Hydroxyapatite: A New Material for the Preservation and Restoration of the Built Environment

Biogenic Hydroxyapatite: A New Material for the Preservation and Restoration of the Built Environment

Geochemical and petrographic identification of stone quarries used for the construction of the Anahita Temple of Kangavar (West Iran)

Micro XRF

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