A New Aquatic Snake (Colubridae: Pseudoeryx) From the Lake Maracaibo Basin, Northwestern Venezuela: A Relic of the Past Course of the Orinoco River

Schargel, Walter E.; Fuenmayor, Gilson Rivas; Barros, Tito R.; Pefaur, Jaime E.; Navarrete, Luis F.

doi:10.1655/0018-0831(2007)63[236:anascp]2.0.co;2

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Here we present a voucher specimen to eastern Bolivia (municipality of San Ignacio de Velasco). This record expands its distribution (Hoge and Nina 1964;Williams and Fugler 1968;Cunha and Nascimento 1978;Strüssmann and Sazima 1993;Carrillo de Espinoza and Icochea 1995;Silva Jr and Sites Jr 1995;Carvalho and Nogueira 1998;Giraudo 1999;Frota et al 2005;Marques et al 2005;Schargel et al 2007). Argentina.…”

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confidence: 60%

“…Juruá, Madeira, and Tapajós) to the east of the state of Pará and west of the state of Maranhão (in the occidental northeastern coastal basins). Pseudoeryx plicatilis also occurs along the Prata River basin (restrict to the Paraguay River basin), in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil (in flooded areas of the Pantanal region), to the east of Bolivia, north of Argentina, and southwestern Paraguay (Humid Chaco region) (Hoge and Nina 1964;Williams and Fugler 1968;Cunha and Nascimento 1978;Hoogmoed 1982;Strüssmann and Sazima 1993;Carrillo de Espinoza and Icochea 1995;Silva Jr and Sites Jr 1995;Carvalho and Nogueira 1998;Giraudo 1999;Frota et al 2005;Marques et al 2005;Schargel et al 2007;present study).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Pseudoeryx plicatilis (Linnaeus, 1758): new records and geographic distribution map

Scartozzoni¹,

Trevine²,

Germano³

2010

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We reviewed the geographical distribution of Pseudoeryx plicatilis in South America, and present new records in Bolivia and from nine Brazilian states. This is the first record of P. plicatilis in the states of Acre, Amapá, and Roraima, northern region of Brazil. The presence of P. plicatilis in the municipality of Alta Floresta expands its distribution about 650- 700 km northward in the state of Mato Grosso, and about 620 km southward from the nearest localities in the state of Pará. Other new records are presented, which contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of P. plicatilis in South America.

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Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Pseudoeryx plicatilis (Linnaeus, 1758): new records and geographic distribution map

Scartozzoni¹,

Trevine²,

Germano³

2010

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“…Alemán 1953; Pirela et al 2006;Infante-Rivero 2009), and in descriptions of new species (e.g. Schargel et al 2007). In recent years, research has mainly focused on the evaluation of the conservation status of some turtles and crocodilians (e.g.…”

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Squamata reptiles of a fragment of tropical dry forest in northwestern Venezuela (Lake Maracaibo region)

Larreal

Rivas

Portillo-Quintero

et al. 2012

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We present a commented taxonomic list of the reptiles found during herpetological surveys carried out in an isolated fragment of tropical dry forest located in the municipality of San Francisco, Zulia state, northwestern Venezuela between January-December 2011. We report a total of 24 species belonging to the order Squamata, distributed in 12 families and 21 genera. Colubridae is the most diverse family with six species, followed by Dipsadidae (four species), Boidae, Gymnophthalmidae, Phyllodactylidae and Teiidae with two species each, and finally Dactyloidae, Iguanidae, Elapidae, Gekkonidae, Sphaerodactylidae and Viperidae with a single species each. The species composition at this site matches what would be expected in a tropical dry forest in the region. Our study suggests that this isolated tropical dry forest fragment is the last refuge of the herpetofauna that once occupied much of the dry forests of the northern Maracaibo basin and should therefore be considered for conservation purposes.

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“…Additionally, there is evidence that both barriers have affected the genetic structure and/or the distribution of several taxa, including capybaras (Mones, 1991), bats (Romero, 2003), snakes (Schargel, Fuenmayor, Barros, Péfaur, & Navarrete, 2007;Scartozzoni, Trevine, & Germano, 2010), lizards (Miralles et al, 2009;Stephen, Reynoso, Collett, Hasbun, & Breinholt, 2013), turtles (Vargas-Ramírez et al, 2012, Vargas-Ramírez, Carr, & Fritz, 2013 and birds (Pereira & Baker, 2004). Using these conditions, both the Paleogeographic and the Riverine hypothesis can be tested.…”

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Genetic structure of Tupinambis teguixin (Squamata: Teiidae), with emphasis on Venezuelan populations.

Ripoll

Herrera

Arrivillaga

2015

RBT

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Tupinambis teguixin, the common tegu, is the only species of the genus found in Venezuela. It is distributed in different bioregions in the Neotropics, some of them separated by geographic barriers that may restrict gene flow among populations. Thus, to assess this possibility, we tested the Paleogeographic hypothesis and the Riverine hypothesis for the divergence among populations. To this end, we evaluated the degree of genetic structuring in six populations of T. teguixin from Venezuela, plus one from Brazil and one from Ecuador. We used two molecular datasets, one with the populations from Venezuela (Venezuela dataset, 1 023 bp) and one including the other two (South America dataset, 665 bp), with 93 and 102 concatenated sequences from cytochrome b and ND4, and 38/37 haplotypes. We used three measures of genetic diversity: nucleotide diversity, haplotype diversity and number of polymorphic sites. Gene flow was estimated with the statistic Φ ST and paired F ST values. We also constructed a haplotype network. We found genetic structuring with (1) Φ ST = 0.83; (2) high paired F ST estimates (0.54 -0.94); (3) haplotype networks with a well-defined geographic pattern; and (4) a single shared haplotype. The genetic structure does not seem to stem from geographic distance (r = 0.282, p = 0.209), but rather the product of an historic biogeographic event with the Mérida Andes and the Orinoco River (71.2 % of the molecular variance) as barriers. We propose the Zulia population as an Evolutionary Significant Unit and that the other populations be temporarily considered Management Units, pending further data. Populations Delta and Guri should form a single Management Unit since they share a haplotype. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (4): 1235-1249. Epub 2015 December 01.Key words: geographic barriers, mitochondrial DNA, population genetics, population structure, Tupinambis teguixin, Venezuela.The South American subcontinent harbors the greatest biological diversity on Earth and its origin is usually attributed to historical factors involving vicariant mechanisms or allopatric speciation. The main hypotheses are: the Refuge hypothesis, the Gradient hypothesis, the Disturbance-vicariance hypothesis, the Paleogeography hypothesis, and the River or Riverine hypothesis (Haffer, 1997;Moritz, Patton, Schneider, & Smith, 2000), with the latter two being the most frequently tested. The Paleogeography hypothesis considers changes in the relative distribution of land, sea or landscape as a result of tectonic movements (e.g., mountains rising) or sea level fluctuations as major factors in the distribution of species in the Neotropics (Haffer, 1997). For instance, a number of studies have shown the impact of the rise of the Andes Cordillera on the dispersal of individuals of the same or different species, by assessing the genetic structure of populations on both sides of the Andes and/or by describing their restricted distributions due to the barrier (Mones, 1991;Brumfield & Capparella, 1996;Arrivillaga, Norris, Feliciangeli, & Lanzar...

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A New Aquatic Snake (Colubridae: Pseudoeryx) From the Lake Maracaibo Basin, Northwestern Venezuela: A Relic of the Past Course of the Orinoco River

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Pseudoeryx plicatilis (Linnaeus, 1758): new records and geographic distribution map

Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Pseudoeryx plicatilis (Linnaeus, 1758): new records and geographic distribution map

Squamata reptiles of a fragment of tropical dry forest in northwestern Venezuela (Lake Maracaibo region)

Genetic structure of Tupinambis teguixin (Squamata: Teiidae), with emphasis on Venezuelan populations.

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