A new connection between wood saprobism and beetle endosymbiosis: the rarely reported saprobic discomycete Tromeropsis is congeneric with the symbiotic yeast Symbiotaphrina (Symbiotaphrinales, Xylonomycetes) and two asexual morphs misplaced in Hyphozyma

Baral, Hans-Otto; Weber, Evi; Marson, Guy; Quijada, Luis

doi:10.1007/s11557-017-1340-y

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Sequences were aligned using MUSCLE version 3.7 ( Edgar 2004 ), which is available on the CIPRES Science Gateway V. 3.3 ( Miller et al 2010 ). After alignment of the ITS dataset, partial SSU and partial LSU were removed by looking for the motifs 5’-ATCATTA-3’ (3’ end of SSU) and 5’-TGACCT-3’ (5’ start of LSU ), and deleting downstream and upstream sequence data, respectively ( Baral et al 2018 ). For the LSU dataset, we unsuccessfully searched for the 5’-TGACCT-3’ motif.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov.

Haelewaters¹,

Kesel²

2020

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In this paper we present an updated checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina), that is, the orders Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales, from Belgium and the Netherlands. Two species are newly described based on morphology, molecular data (ITS, LSU ribosomal DNA) and ecology (host association). These are Hesperomyces halyziae on Halyzia sedecimguttata (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from both countries and Laboulbenia quarantenae on Bembidion biguttatum (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Belgium. In addition, nine new country records are presented. For Belgium: Laboulbenia aubryi on Amara aranea (Coleoptera, Carabidae) and Rhachomyces spinosus on Syntomus foveatus (Coleoptera, Carabidae). For the Netherlands: Chitonomyces melanurus on Laccophilus minutus (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae), Euphoriomyces agathidii on Agathidium laevigatum (Coleoptera, Leiodidae), Laboulbenia fasciculata on Omophron limbatum (Coleoptera, Carabidae), Laboulbenia metableti on Syntomus foveatus and S. truncatellus (Coleoptera, Carabidae), Laboulbenia pseudomasei on Pterostichus melanarius (Coleoptera, Carabidae), Rhachomyces canariensis on Trechus obtusus (Coleoptera, Carabidae), and Stigmatomyces hydrelliae on Hydrellia albilabris (Diptera, Ephydridae). Finally, an identification key to 140 species of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes in Belgium and the Netherlands is provided. Based on the combined data, we are able to identify mutual gaps that need to be filled as well as weigh the impact of chosen strategies (fieldwork, museum collections) and techniques in these neighboring countries. The aim of this work is to serve as a reference for studying Laboulbeniomycetes fungi in Europe.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov.

Haelewaters¹,

Kesel²

2020

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“…Insects feeding on sap or fruits have diets that are extremely rich in simple sugars. Members of the Symbiotaphrinales (Xylonomycetes) have been described in association with several groups of beetles (Noda & Kodama, ; Baral et al, ), where they seem to help their host to detoxify plant toxic compounds (Shen & Dowd, , ). Beyond that, some species are common members of healthy vertebrate mucosae.…”

Section: Fungi and Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal evolution: major ecological adaptations and evolutionary transitions

2019

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Fungi are a highly diverse group of heterotrophic eukaryotes characterized by the absence of phagotrophy and the presence of a chitinous cell wall. While unicellular fungi are far from rare, part of the evolutionary success of the group resides in their ability to grow indefinitely as a cylindrical multinucleated cell (hypha). Armed with these morphological traits and with an extremely high metabolical diversity, fungi have conquered numerous ecological niches and have shaped a whole world of interactions with other living organisms. Herein we survey the main evolutionary and ecological processes that have guided fungal diversity. We will first review the ecology and evolution of the zoosporic lineages and the process of terrestrialization, as one of the major evolutionary transitions in this kingdom. Several plausible scenarios have been proposed for fungal terrestralization and we here propose a new scenario, which considers icy environments as a transitory niche between water and emerged land. We then focus on exploring the main ecological relationships of Fungi with other organisms (other fungi, protozoans, animals and plants), as well as the origin of adaptations to certain specialized ecological niches within the group (lichens, black fungi and yeasts). Throughout this review we use an evolutionary and comparative-genomics perspective to understand fungal ecological diversity. Finally, we highlight the importance of genome-enabled inferences to envision plausible narratives and scenarios for important transitions.

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“…Sarea species are found on the resin of seven genera in Pinaceae and Z. resinae is found on twelve or thirteen genera in Cupressaceae and Pinaceae (see Table S6). This broad host range is again not necessarily indicative of cryptic diversity (Johnston and Park 2005;Baral et al 2018), but is suggestive (Herrera et al 2015;Martinović et al 2016;Pärtel et al 2017). Finally, published nuITS sequences assignable to the Sareomycetes are variable at levels greater than the standard 3% threshold for species delimitation in fungi (Izzo et al 2005;Ciardo et al 2006;Blaalid et al 2013;Geml et al 2014;Gweon et al 2015), and greater than even the genus threshold (5.7% difference) suggested for lamentous fungi in a recent study (Vu et al 2019).…”

Section: Species Diversitymentioning

confidence: 81%

Sareomycetes: More Diversity than Meets the Eye

Mitchell

Garrido‐Benavent

Quijada

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Since its resurrection, the resinicolous discomycete genus Sarea has been accepted as containing two species, one with black apothecia and pycnidia, and one with orange. We investigate this hypothesis using three ribosomal (nuITS, nuLSU, mtSSU) regions from and morphological examination of 70 specimens collected primarily in Europe and North America. The results of our analyses support separation of the traditional Sarea difformis s.l. and Sarea resinae s.l. into two distinct genera, Sarea and Zythia. Sarea as circumscribed is shown to comprise three phylospecies, with one corresponding to Sarea difformis s.s. and two, morphologically indistinguishable, corresponding to the newly combined Sarea coeloplata. Zythia is maintained as monotypic, containing only a genetically and morphologically variable Z. resinae. The new genus Atrozythia is erected for the new species A. klamathica. Arthrographis lignicola is placed in this genus on molecular grounds, expanding the concept of Sareomycetes by inclusion of a previously unknown type of anamorph. Dating analyses using additional marker regions indicate the emergence of the Sareomycetes was roughly concurrent with the diversification of the genus Pinus, suggesting that this group of fungi emerged to exploit the newly-available resinous ecological niche supplied by Pinus or another, extinct group of conifers. Our phylogeographic studies also permitted us to study the introductions of these fungi to areas where they are not native, including Antarctica, Cape Verde, and New Zealand and are consistent with historical hypotheses of introduction.

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A new connection between wood saprobism and beetle endosymbiosis: the rarely reported saprobic discomycete Tromeropsis is congeneric with the symbiotic yeast Symbiotaphrina (Symbiotaphrinales, Xylonomycetes) and two asexual morphs misplaced in Hyphozyma

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov.

Checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov.

Fungal evolution: major ecological adaptations and evolutionary transitions

Sareomycetes: More Diversity than Meets the Eye

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