A new device for measuring isothermal vapor - liquid equilibria

The vapour pressure of water over saturated aqueous solutions of malic, tartaric, and citric acids, at temperatures from 288 K to 323 K

“…The sensitivity of the pressure determinations is about 20.007 kPa. However, there are other errors associated with the experiment (23) that should be taken into account and therefore the over-all accuracy was checked by measuring the vapour pressure of three NaCl solutions over the investigated temperature range (table 1). In the present study, we found that degassing of viscous jojoba oil by stirring and heating in the vacuum system is difficult and several hours were needed to accomplish it.…”

“…The used differential manometer and applied procedure have already been described in detail elsewhere. (22)(23) In order to increase the studied temperature range, saturated solutions of KCl were chosen to given the counter pressure. Jojoba oil was used as the manometric fluid (density: 0.8615 g · cm −3 at temperature T = 298.15 K).…”

Osmotic and activity coefficients of HO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2CO2H (citric acid) in concentrated aqueous solutions at temperatures from 298.15 K to 318.15 K

“…(6) The differential manometer and applied procedure have been described in detail. (7)(8) Distilled water was used to give the counter pressure and jojoba oil served as the manometric fluid (density: 0.8615 g · cm −3 at T = 298.15 K). Temperatures of water in the thermostatic bath with the differential manometer completely immersed were determined with a Model 9540 digital platinum resistance thermometer (Guildline Instruments Ltd., Canada).…”

Activity of water in aqueous systems; A frequently neglected property

“…(85) minimises the impact of experimental error on the calculated activity a 1 . Apelblat and co-workers directly measured vapour pressures using an isoteniscope 105 and hence obtained osmotic coeffi- are the total pressures at the end of the saturators filled with water and solution. Hence,…”