A new electrentomoid psocid (psocoptera) from the Cretaceous amber of Alava (Northern Spain)

Baz, Arturo; Ortuño, Vicente M.

doi:10.1002/mmnd.4800480104

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The study of psocids from Spanish amber was initiated by Baz & Ortuño (2000), who erected the family †Archaeatropidae and later studied †Empheriidae and Manicapsocidae (Troctomorpha). Five psocid species from Spanish amber have been identified to date (all of them from Álava amber) (Baz & Ortuño 2000, 2001 a , b ): Archaeatropos alavensis Baz & Ortuño, 2000, Empheropsocus arilloi Baz & Ortuño, 2001 b , Empheropsocus margineglabrus Baz & Ortuño, 2001 b , Manicapsocidus enigmaticus Baz & Ortuño, 2001 a and Preempheria antiqua Baz & Ortuño, 2001 b . More than 100 psocids from Spanish amber are pending investigation, most of them from Álava amber.…”

Section: Infraorder Family Genus and Species Type Locality Age Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New barklice (Psocodea, Trogiomorpha) from Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber

Álvarez-Parra

Peñalver

Nel

et al. 2022

Papers in Palaeontology

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Barklice are insects belonging to the order Psocodea. They are herbivorous or detritivorous, and inhabit a wide range of environments. Their oldest fossil record dates back to the late Carboniferous, but it was not until the Cretaceous that they became much more diverse. However, their fossil record could be affected by taphonomic processes due to their tiny size and soft bodies. Here, we present new psocid specimens from five amber‐bearing outcrops in Spain that are Albian in age. One of the specimens, a well‐preserved psocid nymph assigned to †Archaeatropidae, lacks evidence of debris‐carrying behaviour. Some of the specimens belong to the previously known species Archaeatropos alavensis Baz & Ortuño and Preempheria antiqua Baz & Ortuño (Trogiomorpha: Atropetae), providing new anatomical and biogeographical information. Furthermore, we describe a new species, Libanoglaris hespericus sp. nov. (†Archaeatropidae). The diagnosis for the family †Archaeatropidae is emended. The abundance of psocids in Cretaceous amber and their virtual absence in compression outcrops could be due to taphonomic bias. Considerations on the phylogenetic placement of trogiomorphan families and the relationships between †Archaeatropidae and †Empheriidae are included. Today, the least diverse psocid suborder is Trogiomorpha, but this suborder comprises the majority of the Cretaceous psocodean species described to date, possibly due to palaeobiological or evolutionary constraints. Trogiomorphans could have been relegated to marginal habitats by niche competition with psocomorphans. Debris‐carrying behaviour in response to predatory pressure might not have been widely distributed, geographically or phylogenetically, in the Cretaceous psocid nymphs.

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Section: Infraorder Family Genus and Species Type Locality Age Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New barklice (Psocodea, Trogiomorpha) from Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber

Álvarez-Parra

Peñalver

Nel

et al. 2022

Papers in Palaeontology

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“…Libanomphientomum nudus is Lower Cretaceous in age, older than the Albian taxa currently attributed to the Manicapsocidae or to the Compsocidae (Baz & Ortuño 2001 ;Nel & Waller 2007 ); thus, it is the oldest Amphientometae. It shares with the Upper Cretaceous amphientomid genus Proamphientomum Vishniakova, 1975 the presence of a forked anal vein in the hind wing, which could be a plesiomorphic character.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The oldest amphientomete booklouce from Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (Psocodea: Troctomorpha)

Choufani¹,

Azar²,

Nel³

2011

Insect Syst Evol

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Libanomphientomum nudus gen. et sp.n. is described and assigned to Amphientometae, possibly Amphientomidae, but it is devoid of scales on body and wings, which is very unlikely in this family, questioning the diagnostic value of this character for the family. Th is fossil provides evidence that the Amphientometae are an old group and that their evolutionary history was more complex than previously thought.

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“…Amber is a superb medium for the fossilization of fragile or ganisms, preserving even the most delicate structures of small arthropods (Alonso et al, 2000). Recent studies on Alava amber confirmed the presence of numerous biological inclusions, includ ing many new species of insects (e.g., Arillo and Mostovski, 1999;Arillo and Nel, 2000;Arillo and Subias, 2000;Baz and Ortuno, 2000, 2001a, 2001bSzadziewski and Arillo, 1998;Wa ters and Arillo, 1999), in addition to cryptogamic plant remains and indeterminate leaf impressions preserved on the surface of pieces of amber. A set of avian feathers have even been found, including a superb fragment of a contour feather.…”

Section: Materials a N D Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%