A new equation of state for chlorodifluoromethane (R22) covering the entire fluid region from 116 K to 550 K at pressures up to 200 MPa

Wagner, Wolfgang; Marx, V.; Pruβ, A

doi:10.1016/0140-7007(93)90055-d

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As can be seen, the new method is superior to the Lee-Kesler method for simple fluids as well as for highly polar fluids. Overall average deviations for the compressibility factor, the heat capacity and Span et al (2000); c Setzmann and Wagner (1991), original critical pressure 4.5922 MPa; d Bücker and Wagner (2006a); e Bücker and Wagner (2006b); f Span and Wagner (1996); g Wagner et al (1993); Kamei et al (1995), original critical densities 520 and 523.8 kg m −3 , respectively; h Outcalt and McLinden (1995), original critical density 427 kg m −3 ; i Younglove and McLinden (1994); Weber and Levelt Sengers (1990), original critical density 550 ± 4 kg m −3 ; j Sunaga et al (1998); Outcalt and McLinden (1995), original critical density 571 kg m −3 ; Lemmon and Jacobsen (2005), 573 kg m −3 ; k Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994); l Lemmon and Jacobsen (2000); m Outcalt and McLinden (1996), original critical density 368 kg m −3 ; n Edison and Sengers (1999); o Wagner and Pruß (2002), original critical pressure 22.064 MPa. (1) is an analytical equation of state, which has classical critical exponents and fails to show, e.g., a divergence of the isochoric heat capacity at the critical point.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…methane (Setzmann and Wagner, 1991), nitrogen (Span et al, 2000), ethane (Bücker and Wagner, 2006a), butane (Bücker and Wagner, 2006b), carbon dioxide (Span and Wagner, 1996), chlorodifluoromethane (Wagner et al, 1993), 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (Younglove and McLinden, 1994), pentafluoroethane (Sunaga et al, 1998), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (Tillner-Roth and Baehr, 1994), difluoromethane (Tillner-Roth and Yokozeki, 1997), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane , 1,1-difluoroethane (Outcalt and McLinden, 1996), ammonia (Tillner-Roth et al, 1993) and water (Wagner and Pruß, 2002). The thermodynamic properties at given reduced temperature and density can be derived from Eq.…”

Section: Development Of the Generalized Corresponding-states Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new generalized corresponding-states equation of state for the extension of the Lee–Kesler equation to fluids consisting of polar and larger nonpolar molecules

Xiang

Deiters

2008

Chemical Engineering Science

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of the Generalized Corresponding-states Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new generalized corresponding-states equation of state for the extension of the Lee–Kesler equation to fluids consisting of polar and larger nonpolar molecules

Xiang

Deiters

2008

Chemical Engineering Science

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“…Enthalpies of the refrigerant in the above equations are a function of pressure and temperature (in vapor phase or in liquid phase) which are calculated by the equation of states for R22 refrigerant [18].…”

Section: Uncertainty Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Pump Design for Simultaneous Cooling Space and Heating Water Coupled with Earth-Tube Heat Exchanger as Secondary Heat Sink

Arunwattana

2022

Trends Sci

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A heat pump for simultaneous heating and cooling (HPS) is more efficient in energy and beneficial in use than a reversible heat pump which works in either direction to provide heating or cooling. A HPS is usually coupled with a thermal storage tank for possibly operating in 3 modes: heating mode, cooling mode, and simultaneous heating and cooling mode. To improve the HPS performance in heating mode or cooling mode, the HPS should be installed an auxiliary equipment in order to reject overheat in the system or to absorb supplemental heat into the system. This paper proposed a design of a HPS for cooling space and hot water production coupled with a horizontally shallow earth-tube heat exchanger as secondary heat sink for Thai residences in which the main components in the design are composed of the condenser and the earth tube heat exchanger. The coefficients of performance (COP) of the HPS were evaluated by the experiments. The results showed that it could work the best performance when it worked in simultaneous cooling and heating mode at the water flow rate of 6.0 L/min with the coefficient of performance (COP) of 6.3±3.1 %. The HPS had high efficiency and it worked continuously in cooling mode when it operated in the nighttime with the average COP of 4.3±14.5 %. However, an efficiency of the HPS was declined when heat gain in the conditioned room is significantly increased by high intensity of solar radiation in the daytime with the average COP of 2.5±14.5 %. HIGHLIGHTS Energy used for cooling or heating systems such as air-conditioning and hot water production is predominantly effect to total energy use in residential sector in many countries including Thailand A heat pump for simultaneous heating and cooling (HPS) for cooling space and hot water production coupled with thermal storage tank and a horizontally shallow earth-tube heat exchanger as secondary heat sink were designed for Thai residences This HPS could work the best performance when it worked in simultaneous cooling and heating mode For only cooling mode, this HPS worked continuously with high performance when it operated in the nighttime but in the daytime it still worked continuously with lower performance GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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“…In the mid 1980s researchers, including the groups of Wagner and of Jacobsen, , began using optimization algorithms with multiproperty fitting to determine the terms in an equation of state, and the use of the Helmholtz form gave them flexibility to develop new forms that were not possible with pressure-explicit formulations. In the 1990s these Helmholtz formulations, also called “fundamental” EOS, began to be made for refrigerants, including R-11, , R-12, R-22, R-32, R-113, R-124, R-143a, and R-134a …”

Section: Evolving Property Models and The Refprop Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

(R)Evolution of Refrigerants

2020

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As we enter the "fourth generation" of refrigerants, we consider the evolution of refrigerant molecules, the everchanging constraints and regulations that have driven the need to consider new molecules, and the advancements in the tools and property models used to identify new molecules and design equipment using them. These separate aspects are intimately intertwined and have been in more-or-less continuous development since the earliest days of mechanical refrigeration, even if sometimes out-of-sight of the mainstream refrigeration industry. We highlight three separate, comprehensive searches for new refrigerantsin the 1920s, the 1980s, and the 2010sthat sometimes identified new molecules, but more often, validated alternatives already under consideration. A recurrent theme is that there is little that is truly new. Most of the "new" refrigerants, from R-12 in the 1930s to R-1234yf in the early 2000s, were reported in the chemical literature decades before they were considered as refrigerants. The search for new refrigerants continued through the 1990s even as the hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) were becoming the dominant refrigerants in commercial use. This included a return to several long-known natural refrigerants. Finally, we review the evolution of the NIST REFPROP database for the calculation of refrigerant properties.

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A new equation of state for chlorodifluoromethane (R22) covering the entire fluid region from 116 K to 550 K at pressures up to 200 MPa

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

A new generalized corresponding-states equation of state for the extension of the Lee–Kesler equation to fluids consisting of polar and larger nonpolar molecules

A new generalized corresponding-states equation of state for the extension of the Lee–Kesler equation to fluids consisting of polar and larger nonpolar molecules

Heat Pump Design for Simultaneous Cooling Space and Heating Water Coupled with Earth-Tube Heat Exchanger as Secondary Heat Sink

(R)Evolution of Refrigerants

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