A New Frequency Regulation Strategy for Photovoltaic Systems Without Energy Storage

Xin, Huanhai; Liu, Yun; Wang, Zhen; Gan, Deqiang; Yang, Tingting

doi:10.1109/tste.2013.2261567

Cited by 239 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are two possible operating points lying at either side of the MPP: Operating Point 1 (blue square marker) and Operating Point 2 (purple circle marker). Most of the relevant studies favor operation at the right-hand side of the P-V curve [5], [6], [9], [11], [13], i.e. at voltages greater than the MPP voltage, Vmp, rather than on the left part of the characteristic [3], [4], [7], [10].…”

Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…at voltages greater than the MPP voltage, Vmp, rather than on the left part of the characteristic [3], [4], [7], [10]. This is because of the improved converter efficiency at a higher voltage [3], [10] and the faster dynamic response due to the steeper slope [7], [11]. Further and more importantly, in this case power regulation over the entire range from near-zero to maximum power Pmp can be easily achieved [11].…”

Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because of the improved converter efficiency at a higher voltage [3], [10] and the faster dynamic response due to the steeper slope [7], [11]. Further and more importantly, in this case power regulation over the entire range from near-zero to maximum power Pmp can be easily achieved [11]. On the contrary, in the left-hand side of the characteristic minimum voltage restrictions of the dc/dc converter will limit the maximum reserve levels supported [4].…”

Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a monotonic relationship between power and duty cycle is established, retaining a smooth slope at the MPP region and a steeper negative slope at the left-hand side of the P-V curve. The proposed control permits operation over the entire range of available power in a continuous manner, obviating any need to switch between operating modes (MPPT or Reserves) as done in other works [4], [10], [11], [13].…”

Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Power Reserves Control for PV Systems With Real-Time MPP Estimation via Curve Fitting

Batzelis

Kampitsis

Papathanassiou

2017

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

156

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-In order for a PV system to provide a full range of ancillary services to the gird, including frequency response, it has to maintain active power reserves. In this paper, a new control scheme for the dc/dc converter of a two-stage PV system is introduced, which permits operation at a reduced power level, estimating the available power (maximum power point -MPP) at the same time. This control scheme is capable of regulating the output power to any given reference, from near-zero to 100% of the available power. The proposed MPP estimation algorithm applies curve fitting on voltage and current measurements obtained during operation to determine the MPP in real time. This is the first method in the literature to use the non-simplified singlediode model for the determination of the MPP and the five model parameters while operating at a curtailed power level. The developed estimation technique exhibits very good accuracy and robustness in presence of noise and rapidly changing environmental conditions. The effectiveness of the control scheme is validated through simulation and experimental tests using a 2 kW PV array and a dc/dc converter prototype at constant and varying irradiance conditions. Index Terms -Active power control, curve fitting, linearized converter model, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), photovoltaic (PV), power reserves, single-diode model.

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Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Main Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Power Reserves Control for PV Systems With Real-Time MPP Estimation via Curve Fitting

Batzelis

Kampitsis

Papathanassiou

2017

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It needs a special attention on the grid frequency stability control actions [8,9]. Frequency regulation (FR) techniques have been studied widely in the literature [1,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. All FR methods require a reduction over the active power generation on USPVPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Production Losses Study by Frequency Regulation in Weak-Grid-Connected Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Plants

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Nowadays, an increasing penetration of utility-scale photovoltaic plants (USPVPs) leads to a change in dynamic and operational characteristics of the power distribution system. USPVPs must help to maintain the system stability and reliability while implementing minimum technical requirements (MTRs) imposed by the utility grid. One of the most significant requirements is about frequency regulation (FR). Overall production of USPVPs is reduced significantly by applying FR curves, especially in weak grids with high rate of frequency faults. The introduction of a battery energy storage system (BESS) reduces losses and improves the grid system reliability. Experimental frequency and irradiance data of several weak grids have been used to analyse USPVPs losses related to FR requirements and benefits from the introduction of a BESS. Moreover, its economic viability is showen without the need for any economic incentives.

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Coordination of hybrid energy storage system, photovoltaic systems, smart lighting loads, and thermostatically controlled loads for microgrid frequency control

Bagheri-Sanjareh

Nazari

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary The supercapacitors (SCs) are suitable for short‐term fast power regulations, while the batteries are suitable for long‐term slow energy management of microgrid (MG). As SCs and batteries complement each other's deficiencies, the SC‐battery hybrid energy storage systems (SBHESS) have been commonly used for mixed applications of fast transient and slow long‐term power regulations. The SC reduces the stress of fast power variations on the battery, which prolongs its lifetime. However, it increases the cost of the energy storage in comparison to the case that battery is just used. Therefore, the drawback of SBHESS is its increased cost. The sizes of SC and its converter, which directly determine their costs, should be enough to handle primary frequency control (PFC) in the worst cases of shortage and surplus power generation that the MG ever experiences. In this paper, the potentials of Photovoltaic (PV) systems, smart LED lighting loads (SLEDLLs), and thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) in PFC is used to decrease the participation share of SC in the PFC and hence decrease the sizes and costs of SC, and its converter. The simulation results show that with the coordination of SBHESS, SLEDLLs, PVs, and TCLs, the required sizes of SC and its converter are decreased by 64% and 50%, respectively. Also, for a 10‐year period operation, the total cost of SC and its converter is decreased by 51.5%.

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A New Frequency Regulation Strategy for Photovoltaic Systems Without Energy Storage

Cited by 239 publications

References 19 publications

Power Reserves Control for PV Systems With Real-Time MPP Estimation via Curve Fitting

Power Reserves Control for PV Systems With Real-Time MPP Estimation via Curve Fitting

Power Production Losses Study by Frequency Regulation in Weak-Grid-Connected Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Plants

Coordination of hybrid energy storage system, photovoltaic systems, smart lighting loads, and thermostatically controlled loads for microgrid frequency control

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