A new hybrid control technique for operation of DC microgrid under islanded operating mode

Abstract

This study proposes a novel combined primary and secondary control approach for direct current microgrids, specifically in islanded mode. In primary control, this approach establishes an appropriate load power sharing between the distributed energy resources based on their rated power. Simultaneously, it considers the load voltage deviation and provides satisfactory voltage regulation in the secondary control loop. The proposed primary control is based on an efficient droop mechanism that only deploys the local variable measurements, so as to overcome the side effects caused by communication delays. In the case of secondary control, two different methods are devised. In the first, low bandwidth communication links are used to establish the minimum required data transfer between the converters. The effect of communication delay is further explored. The second method excludes any communication link and only uses local variables. Accordingly, a self-sufficient control loop is devised without any communication requirement. The proposed control notions are investigated in MATLAB/Simulink platform to highlight system performance. The results demonstrate that both proposed approaches can effectively compensate for the voltage deviation due to the primary control task. Detailed comparisons of the two methods are also provided.

Hydrogen‐powered smart grid resilience

“…The island operation mode of the microgrid can ensure the safe and reliable operation of equipment and units during severe conditions or power outages and ensure rapid grid connection for power generation. Microgrid has been widely used in RE-based energy generation mode to improve power system resilience [84][85][86]. Because hydrogen fuel cells have high power and energy densities, integrating a Hydrogen ESS in the microgrid and using model predictive control for resilient scheduling can provide the microgrid with a fast transient response.…”

Balanced-Scorecard-Based Evaluation of Knowledge-Oriented Competencies of Distributed Energy Investments

“…When the studies in the literature are examined, it is seen that comprehensive analyses have been made on the factors affecting the performance of distributed energy projects [12]. However, there are limited studies that determine which factor is more important [13]. Therefore, there is a need for a new study that will identify the most critical issues for distributed energy projects to have knowledge-oriented competencies.…”