A new kinematic evolutionary model for the growth of a duplex — an example from the Rangit duplex, Sikkim Himalaya, India

Bhattacharyya, Kathakali; Mitra, Gautam

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2009.07.006

Cited by 145 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Recent studies from different parts of the Himalaya have recognized a regional thrust, named as Ramgarh Thrust (RT), which is now considered as a major regional Himalayan thrust, like other major thrusts (e.g. MCT, MBT, MFT) of the Himalayan fold-thrust belt, that transports upper Lesser Himalayan rocks (Pre-Cambrian sequence) over lower Lesser Himalayan rocks (Permian-EoceneMiocene) 8,15,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . The area of study encompasses a small part of the RT sheet in the Lesser Himalaya in the DSH (Figure 1).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The area of study encompasses a small part of the RT sheet in the Lesser Himalaya in the DSH (Figure 1). The frontal part of the Darjiling-Sikkim-Tibet (DaSiT) wedge has been studied by earlier workers 8,15,[24][25][26][27][28][29] . In this area, the Tista half-window was formed as a result of erosion of folded thrust sheets by the Tista River (Figure 1).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the western part of the Tista halfwindow a 'complete' window of smaller dimension, known as Rangit window, has developed due to the erosion of the Rangit duplex structure by the southflowing Rangit River (Figure 1) [30][31][32] 15 , and is dominantly a meta-pelitic sequence with limited intercalated quartzite bands. The geometry of the Rangit duplex varies from hinterland-dipping duplex in the north, followed by antiformal stack in the middle to foreland-dipping duplex in the south 15 .…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the southern part of the Lesser Himalaya in Darjiling-Sikkim area ( Figure 1) 14 , metre-to centimetre-scale recumbent to near-recumbent folds on regional foliation is developed in a narrow, strike-parallel, steeply dipping zone, mainly in the southern side of the Lesser Himalayan Duplex (LHD) 15 . This type of fold is also observed in two other adjacent areas where regional foliation is steepdipping.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overburden-Induced Flattening Structure in the Himalaya: Mechanism and Implication

Banerjee¹,

Matin²,

Mukul³

2015

Current Science

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Small-scale structures in fold-thrust belt are mainly formed in response to the emplacement of thrust sheets. However, some small-scale structures may not be developed directly in response to the emplacement of thrust sheets, but might be genetically tied with the orogenic process. Metre-to centimetre-scale late-stage folds on foliation in phyllite with near-recumbent fold geometry are selectively developed with a specific spatial distribution, particularly in places where the foliation is steeply dipping, in the Ramgarh thrust sheet in the Darjiling-Sikkim Himalaya. The recumbent-fold structures appear to have been formed in response to overburden-induced vertical compressive deformation on steep dipping foliation, especially in the subvertical southern limb of the antiformal structure of the Lesser Himalayan Duplex in the Darjiling-Sikkim Himalaya. The role of gravity and overburden in the formation of these structures from worldwide orogenic belts may be considered to validate their genesis.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Overburden-Induced Flattening Structure in the Himalaya: Mechanism and Implication

Banerjee¹,

Matin²,

Mukul³

2015

Current Science

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“…39 Ar ages of detrital muscovite from the Gondwana sequence at the base of the LHS in the Sikkim Himalaya. In this segment of the orogen the LHS is characterised by a complex Rangit duplex system with the Main Boundary thrust (MBT) as the sole thrust and the Ramgarh thrust as the roof thrust (Bhattacharyya and Mitra, 2009). The interference between the Rangit duplex and a NS trending antiform has formed a double tectonic window: the Sikkim half window outlined by the MCT and the inner Rangit window outlined by the Ramgarh thrust.…”

Section: Oligo-miocene Basins In Central Tibetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 25th Himalaya-Karakoram-Tibet Workshop

Leech¹,

Klemperer²,

Mooney³

2010

Open-File Report

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Geometry and kinematics of the Main Himalayan Thrust and Neogene crustal exhumation in the Bhutanese Himalaya derived from inversion of multithermochronologic data

Coutand

Whipp

Grujić

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth

117

257

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Both climatic and tectonic processes affect bedrock erosion and exhumation in convergent orogens, but determining their respective influence is difficult. A requisite first step is to quantify long-term (~10 6 year) erosion rates within an orogen. In the Himalaya, past studies suggest long-term erosion rates varied in space and time along the range front, resulting in numerous tectonic models to explain the observed erosion rate distribution. Here, we invert a large data set of new and existing thermochronological ages to determine both long-term exhumation rates and the kinematics of Neogene tectonic activity in the eastern Himalaya in Bhutan. New data include 31 apatite and five zircon (U-Th)/He ages, and 49 apatite and 16 zircon fission-track ages along two north-south oriented transects across the orogen in western and eastern Bhutan. Data inversion was performed using a modified version of the 3-D thermokinematic model Pecube, with parameter ranges defined by available geochronologic, metamorphic, structural, and geophysical data. Among several important observations, our three main conclusions are as follows: (1) Thermochronologic ages do not spatially correlate with surface traces of major fault zones but appear to reflect the geometry of the underlying Main Himalayan Thrust; (2) our data are compatible with a strong tectonic influence, involving a variably dipping Main Himalayan Thrust geometry and steady state topography; and (3) erosion rates have remained constant in western Bhutan over the last~10 Ma, while a significant decrease occurred at~6 Ma in eastern Bhutan, which we partially attribute to convergence partitioning into uplift of the Shillong Plateau.

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A new kinematic evolutionary model for the growth of a duplex — an example from the Rangit duplex, Sikkim Himalaya, India

Cited by 145 publications

References 35 publications

Overburden-Induced Flattening Structure in the Himalaya: Mechanism and Implication

Overburden-Induced Flattening Structure in the Himalaya: Mechanism and Implication

Proceedings of the 25th Himalaya-Karakoram-Tibet Workshop

Geometry and kinematics of the Main Himalayan Thrust and Neogene crustal exhumation in the Bhutanese Himalaya derived from inversion of multithermochronologic data

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