A New Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid, Simple, and Sensitive Detection of Leptospira spp. in Urine

Koizumi, Nobuo; Nakajima, Chie; Harunari, Tsunehito; Tamada, Tsutomu; Tokiwa, Toshihiro; Uchimura, Eriko; Furuya, Tokujiro; Mingala, Claro N.; Villanueva, Marvin A.; Ohnishi, Makoto; Suzuki, Yasuhiko

doi:10.1128/jcm.00481-12

Cited by 77 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A retrospective study was performed in 135 patients admitted to San Lazaro Hospital (Manila, Philippines) in 2012 with clinical suspicion of leptospirosis; 112 of them were confirmed positive with one of following diagnostic tools using serum or urine samples: the microscopic agglutination test [37], immunochromatographic assay (Standard Diagnostics, Yongin, Korea), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Diagnostic Automation, Calabasas, CA, USA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and real-time PCR [13,38]. The remaining 23 patients were confirmed to have non-leptospirosis illnesses of unknown origin and served as controls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urine Levels of Defensin α1 Reflect Kidney Injury in Leptospirosis Patients

Chagan-Yasutan

Chen

Lacuesta³

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease whose severe forms are often accompanied by kidney dysfunction. In the present study, urinary markers were studied for potential prediction of disease severity. Urine samples from 135 patients with or without leptospirosis at San Lazaro Hospital, the Philippines, were analyzed. Urine levels of defensin α1 (uDA1) were compared with those of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosidase (uNAG). Serum creatinine (Cr) was used as a marker of kidney injury. The levels of uDA1/Cr, uNGAL/Cr, and uNAG/Cr were positive in 46%, 90%, and 80% of leptospirosis patients, and 69%, 70%, and 70% of non-leptospirosis patients, respectively. In leptospirosis patients, the correlation of uDA1/Cr, uNGAL/Cr and uNAG/Cr levels with serum Cr were r = 0.3 (p < 0.01), r = 0.29 (p < 0.01), and r = 0.02 (p = 0.81), respectively. uDA1/Cr levels were correlated with uNGAL/Cr levels (r = 0.49, p < 0.01) and uNAG/Cr levels (r = 0.47, p < 0.0001) in leptospirosis patients. These findings suggest that uDA1, uNGAL, and uNAG were elevated in leptospirosis patients and reflected various types of kidney damage. uDA1 and uNGAL can be used to track kidney injury in leptospirosis patients because of their correlation with the serum Cr level.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urine Levels of Defensin α1 Reflect Kidney Injury in Leptospirosis Patients

Chagan-Yasutan

Chen

Lacuesta³

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…The studies included were conducted in different countries and were published from 1992 to 2018. Some of the included studies used different methods; thus, the data were reported as separate independent studies [12,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Literature Search and Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of genetic markers and nucleic acid techniques for the detection of Leptospira in clinical samples: A meta-analysis

Lam

Low²,

Chee

2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundLeptospirosis is often difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific symptoms. The drawbacks of direct isolation and serological tests have led to the increased development of nucleic acid-based assays, which are more rapid and accurate. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of genetic markers for the detection of Leptospira in clinical samples. Methodology and principle findingsA literature search was performed in Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE and non-indexed citations (via Ovid) by using suitable keyword combinations. Studies evaluating the performance of nucleic acid assays targeting leptospire genes in human or animal clinical samples against a reference test were included. Of the 1645 articles identified, 42 eligible studies involving 7414 samples were included in the analysis. The diagnostic performance of nucleic acid assays targeting the rrs, lipL32, secY and flaB genes was pooled and analyzed. Among the genetic markers analyzed, the secY gene showed the highest diagnostic accuracy measures, with a pooled sensitivity of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.50-0.63), a specificity of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97-0.98), a diagnostic odds ratio of , and an area under the curve of summary receiver operating characteristics curves of 0.94. Nevertheless, a high degree of heterogeneity was observed in this meta-analysis. Therefore, the present findings here should be interpreted with caution.

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“…The sensitivity of this method is higher than those of culture or of flaB-nested polymerase chain reactions (Koizumi et al 2012). The combination of DNA detection and antibody detection will enhance the accuracy for diagnosis of leptospirosis (Iwasaki et al 2016).…”

Section: Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay As Point-ofcarementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Point-of-Care Testing for Disaster-Related Infectious Diseases

Hattori

Chagan-Yasutan

Shiratori

et al. 2016

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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After disaster, the victims lose their safe lives and are even exposed to nature where they could suffer from animal bites and vectors followed by suffering from zoonosis or vector-born diseases. Because of the urgent need for rapid and cheap diagnosis for infectious diseases after disaster, anonymous questionnaire clarified that leptospirosis, dengue, diarrhea, and cholera were recognized as common disaster-related infections in the Philippines, while diarrhea and pneumonia were more common in Indonesia. It should also be noted that infectious disease itself such as tuberculosis associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome in South Africa is a disaster. Thus, the possible occurrence of similar situation in Asia should be prevented. We have conducted an international collaborative research in the Philippines and Indonesia on dengue virus, leptospira and mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infectious diseases. Development of point-of-care testing for molecular diagnosis and disease severity was the principal purpose of the research. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay, which does not require a source of electricity, was developed for leptospirosis, dengue and MTB and has been proved to be useful where resource is limited. The plasma levels of matricellular proteins, including galectin-9 and osteopontin, were found to reflect the disease severities in dengue virus and MTB infection, probably because matricellular proteins are one of the most functional extracellular proteins that are associated with inflammatory edema. The study on disaster-related infectious disease facilitates the international cooperation for development of point-of-care testing for tropical infectious diseases.

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A New Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid, Simple, and Sensitive Detection of Leptospira spp. in Urine

Cited by 77 publications

References 18 publications

Urine Levels of Defensin α1 Reflect Kidney Injury in Leptospirosis Patients

Urine Levels of Defensin α1 Reflect Kidney Injury in Leptospirosis Patients

Diagnostic accuracy of genetic markers and nucleic acid techniques for the detection of Leptospira in clinical samples: A meta-analysis

Development of Point-of-Care Testing for Disaster-Related Infectious Diseases

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