A new low carbon cementitious binder for stabilising weak ground conditions through deep soil mixing

Sargent, Paul; Hughes, PN; Rouainia, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.sandf.2016.11.007

Cited by 65 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Bernal [9] determined that Na2SiO3 has a higher accelerated carbonation depth over NaOH. These findings informed Sargent et al's [10] study for treating a soft alluvium from Northumberland (UK), whereby the binder used was GGBS-NaOH, with a GGBS-NaOH ratio of 2:1 at dosages of 0 -10% by dry weight. Whilst a 10% dosage produced the best engineering performances, using a 7.5% dosage was sufficient for achieving EuroSoilStab (2002) [12] 28 day undrained shear strength requirement of 150kPa.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Small to large strain mechanical behaviour of an alluvium stabilised with low carbon secondary minerals

Sargent

Rouainia

Diambra

et al. 2020

Construction and Building Materials

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Deep dry soil mixing is a popular ground improvement technique used to strengthen soft compressible soils, with Portland cement being the most popular binder. However, its continued use is becoming less sustainable given the high CO2 emissions associated with its manufacture. Alkali-activated cements are considered to be viable low carbon alternative binders, which use industrial waste products such as blast furnace slag. This study focusses on the stabilisation of a potentially liquefiable soft alluvial soil using a dry granulated binder comprising sodium hydroxide-activated blast furnace slag (GGBS-NaOH). This binder has previously been demonstrated by the authors to have potential as a replacement for Portland cement due to its excellent engineering performance, positive contributions towards the circular economy, reducing energy usage and CO2 emissions in the construction sector. A detailed comparison in mechanical behaviour is presented between the soil in its reconstituted, undisturbed and cemented states after 28 days curing through the use of advanced monotonic triaxial testing techniques, including small strain measurements. Mechanical behaviour was specifically analysed regarding peak deviatoric strength, pore pressure response, stress -volumetric dilatancy, shear stiffness degradation over small to large strain ranges, critical state and failure surfaces. Using 7.5% GGBS-NaOH increased the stiffness and shear strength of the soil significantly, whereby the shear strains at which initial shear stiffness degrades is three times higher than the untreated undisturbed soil. As a result, larger amounts of dilation was observed during shearing of the material and resulted in an upward shift of the soil's original critical state line due to the creation of an artificially cemented soil matrix through the precipitation of C-(N)-A-S-H gels.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Small to large strain mechanical behaviour of an alluvium stabilised with low carbon secondary minerals

Sargent

Rouainia

Diambra

et al. 2020

Construction and Building Materials

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“…With the partially saturated soil, the types of soil are changed and have a different porosity and elasto-plasticity [14]. With the addition of cement to soil samples, the strength of the soil composition increases [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrinkage Module of Soil Samples with Different Cement Content

Sabry¹,

Mandalawi²,

Sabry³

2017

The Open Access Journal of Science and Technology

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Abstract. The differences in soil's body mass during shrinkage over time have changes in soil physical properties which provide an important reason to check the design of underground foundations in expansive soils. In this paper, a state-of-art of the soil heat stress-strain relationship prediction methods is checked using soil engineering laboratory experiments and Matlab R2013b numerical modelling. The shrinkage of soils with different cement content of (0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) with the same water content of 20 percent in room temperature for 24 hours, are critically reviewed in terms of their predictive shrinkage along with their strengths and flexural behaviour. The review highlights the prediction methods present to determine the effect of heat stress on the shrinkage of soil samples with different cement content after classifying the soils into clay, silt and sand depending on their particle size using sieve and hydrometer experiments. The results of the soil engineering laboratory experiments showed that as the cement content increases, the shrinkage of soil decreases as a result of increased elasticity in soil. The numerical analysis using finite element method in Matlab R2013b shows that as the cement content increases the displacement in the soil sample decreases and that the soil sample with 8% cement content has more resistance to shrinkage and less displacement than the soil with 6% cement, which has less resistance to heat stresses and more displacement.

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“…The use of binders like cement and lime has been mostly applied for pavement materials (Yao et al, 2016; Horpibulsuk et al, 2011). However, due to the high level of environmental impacts associated with the use of these binders, many researchers have made concerted efforts towards discovering alternative soil improvement methods (Sargent et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2013). The use of some waste materials for soil stabilisation promises to be a viable alternative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Untreated Oil Palm Fruit Fibre on the Engineering Properties of Road Construction Earth Materials

Nwakaire¹,

Evaristus²,

Elijah³

2020

Preprint

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This study first evaluated the engineering properties of lateritic soil samples from three selected locations in South Eastern Nigeria (Nawfia, Okpuno, and Ugwuoba). The effect of Oil Palm Fruit Fibre (OPFF) on the properties of these soil materials was investigated, with special emphasis on road construction applicability. The samples were subjected to different tests to ascertain their index properties. Varying proportions of OPFF from 0.5% to 3% were incorporated into the soil samples and the effects were observed based on compaction and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) results. The control samples without inclusion of OPFF achieved the highest Maximum Dry Densities (MDD), the MDDs reduced linearly as the OPFF content increased. Consequently, the CBR values decreased with increase in OPFF. The reduction in MDD for the Nawfia samples ranged from 0.29% to 5.31% as the OPFF increased from 0.5% to 3%. The MDD of the Okpuno sample also reduced within the range of 1.25% to 9.51% whereas the reduction for the Ugwuoba soil is within the range of 1.55% and 9.79%. With the inclusion of the OPFF, there was up to 75% to 83% drop in CBR values of the soil rendering them very unsuitable for pavement subgrade. It was concluded that the presence of fibre depreciated the engineering properties of the earth materials. Direct application of OPFF in any part of road pavement has been dissuaded.

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A new low carbon cementitious binder for stabilising weak ground conditions through deep soil mixing

Cited by 65 publications

References 21 publications

Small to large strain mechanical behaviour of an alluvium stabilised with low carbon secondary minerals

Small to large strain mechanical behaviour of an alluvium stabilised with low carbon secondary minerals

Shrinkage Module of Soil Samples with Different Cement Content

Effect of Untreated Oil Palm Fruit Fibre on the Engineering Properties of Road Construction Earth Materials

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