A New Low-Temperature Gas Expansion Cycle

McMahon, H. O.; Gifford, W. E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0537-9_43

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, considering running cost and troubles of handling liquid gases, usage of a cryocooler is much preferable. Typical cryocoolers are Stirling cryocooler [1], Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocooler [2] and pulse tube cryocooler [3][4][5]. The pulse tube cryocooler is divided into two types of Stirling and GM according to the method of pressure wave generations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of regenerator in high capacity Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler

Imura

Iwata

Yamamoto

et al. 2008

Physica C: Superconductivity

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of regenerator in high capacity Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler

Imura

Iwata

Yamamoto

et al. 2008

Physica C: Superconductivity

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“…The boundaries of the system are fixed so dV k /dt = 0. As a result the first law for the engine reduces toQ H −Q a = P (6) and the second law to 0 =Q…”

Section: Heat Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We will now describe the workhorse of many low-temperature systems: the GiffordMcMahon (GM) cooler [6]. GM coolers are robust machines that find wide-spread application e.g.…”

Section: Gm-refrigeratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Operation of Cryocoolers and Related Thermal Machines

Waele

2011

J Low Temp Phys

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This paper deals with the basics of cryocoolers and related thermodynamic systems. The treatment is based on the first and second law of thermodynamics for inhomogeneous, open systems using enthalpy flow, entropy flow, and entropy production. Various types of machines, which use an oscillating gas flow, are discussed such as: Stirling refrigerators, GM coolers, pulse-tube refrigerators, and thermoacoustic coolers and engines. Furthermore the paper deals with Joule-Thomson and dilution refrigerators which use a constant flow of the working medium.

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“…Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocoolers were first developed in 1960 [1]. Their use in cryopumps for semiconductor fabrication equipment in the 1980s led to many improvements in their reliability and in the reduction of their costs [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An air-cooled pulse tube cryocooler with 50 W cooling capacity at 77 K

Hu¹,

Wang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract.A pulse tube cryocooler with 50 W cooling capacity at 77 K is developed to cool superconducting devices mounted on automobiles. The envisioned cryocooler weight is less than 40 kg, and the input electric power is less than 1 kW. To achieve these requirements, the working frequency is increased to 75 Hz, and the dual-opposed pistons use gas bearings to reduce compressor weight and volume. The heat from the main heat exchanger is rejected by forced convective air instead of water. The compressor and the cold finger are carefully matched to improve the efficiency. The details of these will be presented in this paper. After some adjustment, a no load temperature for the pulse tube cryocooler of 40 K was achieved with 1 kW input electric power in surroundings at 298 K. At 77 K, the cooling capacity is 50 W. If the main heat exchanger is cooled by water at 293 K, the cooling capacity increases to 64 W, corresponding to a relative Carnot efficiency of 18%.

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A New Low-Temperature Gas Expansion Cycle

Cited by 32 publications

References 3 publications

Optimization of regenerator in high capacity Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler

Optimization of regenerator in high capacity Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler

Basic Operation of Cryocoolers and Related Thermal Machines

An air-cooled pulse tube cryocooler with 50 W cooling capacity at 77 K

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