A new method to account for the depth distribution of 137Cs in soils in the calculation of external radiation dose-rate

Timms, D N; Smith, J.T.; Cross, Matthew A.; Kudelsky, A.V.; Horton, G. K.; Mortlock, R.

doi:10.1016/s0265-931x(03)00219-4

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, the external dose rate decreases more quickly then could be expected from physical decay of 137 Cs only. However, vertical migration rates are low in most soils (typically about 0.1.0.2 cm y −1 , Bossew and Kirchner, 2004;Timms et al, 2004), and not too different, as the resulting -dose rate above ground is concerned. Therefore, we believe that using only one single value for the conversion of 137 Cs inventory (Bq m −2 ) into external -dose rate does not induce an intolerable uncertainty.…”

Section: Artificial Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping terrestrial -dose rate in Europe based on routine monitoring data

Szegvary

Conen

Stöhlker

et al. 2007

Radiation Measurements

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Artificial Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping terrestrial -dose rate in Europe based on routine monitoring data

Szegvary

Conen

Stöhlker

et al. 2007

Radiation Measurements

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Others report the centre of mass has moved downward so that the highest concentration in the soil profile is several centimeters below the surface. With these observations, more complex models such as the convection/dispersion equation are used (Bunzl 2002;Timms et al 2004). The use of the convection/dispersion equation usually addresses a conceptual model involving leaching as the operative process.…”

Section: Cesium From Bomb-test and Chernobyl Fallout A Global Experimentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of long-term fate of metals in soils: Inferences from analogues

Sheppard¹

2005

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sheppard, S. C. 2005. Assessment of long-term fate of metals in soils: Inferences from analogues. Can. J. Soil Sci. 85: 1-18. The assessment of the health and environmental impacts of metal contamination in soils is complicated, and in different ways than is the assessment of many other contaminants. One of the foremost problems is that the metals are often relatively immobile, so that it is necessary to verify predictions of mobility and impact far into the future. One approach is to seek analogue information: information from studies that may not have set out to measure attributes related to metal behaviour, but that none the less provide useful insights. One example would be the information on the mobility of natural clays and pedogenic metals such as iron and aluminum in soils. It is well accepted that clay particles will move downward in soils; what is less commonly inferred is that any contaminants associated with the clays will also move downward. For mobility of some metals, this may be a dominant process. Similarly, bioturbation has proven to markedly outpace leaching for many metals. This paper considers analogues related to cesium from bomb-fallout and Chernobyl, other natural radionuclide inputs to the soil, soil pedogenesis, pollen and non-metal industrialage inputs, ancient metal works, and soil fertility management. Related to biological transfers and toxicity, it considers analogy among elements and among biota, and analogy to ecotoxicology of metals to freshwater biota. Where possible, limiting values for parameters of assessment models have been derived. Key words:Terrestrial, leaching, mobility, ecotoxicity, assessment Sheppard, S. C. 2005. Évaluation du sort à long terme des métaux dans le sol : inférences à partir des analogues. Can. J. Soil Sci. 85: 1-18. Évaluer l'incidence des métaux qui contaminent le sol sur la santé et l'environnement n'est pas une tâche facile et les difficultés diffèrent de celles soulevées par l'évaluation de nombreux autres polluants. Un des principaux problèmes a trait à l'immobilité relative des métaux. On doit donc vérifier si les prévisions concernant leur déplacement et leurs incidences se véri-fient très loin dans l'avenir. Une façon d'y parvenir consiste à recueillir des données sur les analogues, bref l'information issue d'études dont l'objet principal n'était pas de quantifier les particularités du comportement des métaux, mais qui nous renseignent néanmoins sur le sujet. Les données sur la mobilité des argiles naturelles et des métaux pédogènes tels le fer et l'aluminium dans le sol en sont un exemple. On sait pertinemment que les particules d'argile s'enfoncent dans le sol, mais on songe moins souvent que les substances contaminant l'argile en font autant. Il pourrait cependant s'agir d'un processus dominant pour la mobilité de quelques métaux. Pareillement, on a prouvé que la bioturbation revêt plus d'importance que la lixiviation pour maints métaux. Dans cet article, l'auteur examine les analogues du césium venant des retombées radioactives de l'incide...

show abstract

“…The vertical migration of radionuclides along the soil profile is the principal factor contributing to the decline of external irradiation from long-lived radionuclides, such as 137 Cs. 1,2 The assessment of the external gamma irradiation is extremely complex due to the large number of environmental factors which affect the photon flux in air originating from the ground surface. The radionuclide soil vertical distribution, the mobility of radionuclides, the soil surface roughness, and the soil bulk density and its variations with depth, constitute the main factors to be considered in this assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal reduction of the external gamma dose rate due to 137Cs mobility in sandy beaches

Toso¹,

Velasco²,

Belli

et al. 2009

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present paper the contribution to the external gamma dose rate due to 137 Cs in soil as a function of time is presented. Sampling sites were selected along the Calabria and Basilicata Regions coastal beaches (southern part of Italy) to assess the external gamma dose rate in air, 1 m above the ground level. A convection-dispersion model, with constant parameters was used to approximate the radiocesium soil vertical migration. The model was calibrated using the initial 137 Cs activity deposition in this region (Chernobyl fallout) and 137 Cs activity concentration down the soil profile, measured 10 years later. The dispersion coefficient and the advection velocity values, were respectively: 2.17 cm 2 y -1 and 0.32 cm y -1 . The Radionuclide Software Package (RSP), which uses a Monte Carlo simulation code, was used to determine the primary 137 Cs gamma dose contribution in air 1 m above the ground surface. The resulting 137 Cs external dose rate ranged from 0.42 nGy h -1 in 1986, to 0.05 nGy h -1 in 2007.

show abstract

A new method to account for the depth distribution of 137Cs in soils in the calculation of external radiation dose-rate

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Mapping terrestrial -dose rate in Europe based on routine monitoring data

Mapping terrestrial -dose rate in Europe based on routine monitoring data

Assessment of long-term fate of metals in soils: Inferences from analogues

Temporal reduction of the external gamma dose rate due to 137Cs mobility in sandy beaches

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About