A new methodology for offshore wind speed assessment integrating Sentinel-1, ERA-Interim and in-situ measurement

Offshore wind resource assessment using reanalysis data

“…Both laws are dependent on factors such as seasonal variations of data, day-time, changes in atmosphere, and topography conditions of region. The Logarithmic law extrapolates or interpolates wind speed at a wider range, elevations, locations, and is commonly used in previous studies (Nezhad et al, 2021c; Tahir et al, 2020). The measured data was extrapolated using the logarithmic law at 100 m to compare with reanalysis data using equation (1) (Nezhad et al, 2021b).…”

“…28125°), elevation levels of 10 and 100 m and 137 pressure levels from 1979 to date (Kardakaris et al, 2021; Olauson, 2018). The use of satellite and reanalysis data has been reported for wind resource assessment in previous studies (Gil Ruiz et al, 2021; Kistler et al, 2001; Kokkos et al, 2021; Majidi Nezhad et al, 2021a; Nezhad et al, 2021b, 2021c). The quality and accuracy of reanalysis data is important to evaluate before its use which is checked against measured data.…”

“…The evaluation of reanalysis data against in-situ measured data is performed using statistical parameters, and reanalysis data with known accuracy is used for wind resource assessment as reported in recent literature (Gil Ruiz et al, 2021; Kistler et al, 2001; Kokkos et al, 2021; Nezhad et al, 2021c). The assessment based on wind speed is usually reported in previous literature (de Assis Tavares et al, 2020; Kardakaris et al, 2021; Nezhad et al, 2021b; Taoufik and Fekri, 2021) but use of wind direction is not common and reported in few studies (Gil Ruiz et al, 2021; Kokkos et al, 2021).…”

“…The assessment based on wind speed is usually reported in previous literature (de Assis Tavares et al, 2020;Kardakaris et al, 2021;Nezhad et al, 2021b;Taoufik and Fekri, 2021) but use of wind direction is not common and reported in few studies (Gil Ruiz et al, 2021;Kokkos et al, 2021). The wind resource assessment using reanalysis data by European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is commonly reported in previous literature (Gil Ruiz et al, 2021;Kardakaris et al, 2021;Nezhad et al, 2021bNezhad et al, , 2021c. Nezhad et al (2021c) performed wind resource assessment in the Oresund area in the Baltic Sea using ERA-Interim data at 65 m height in terms of monthly mean wind speed contour plots, annual, and monthly time-series of wind speed.…”

“…The wind resource assessment using reanalysis data by European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is commonly reported in previous literature (Gil Ruiz et al, 2021;Kardakaris et al, 2021;Nezhad et al, 2021bNezhad et al, , 2021c. Nezhad et al (2021c) performed wind resource assessment in the Oresund area in the Baltic Sea using ERA-Interim data at 65 m height in terms of monthly mean wind speed contour plots, annual, and monthly time-series of wind speed. Nezhad et al (2021b) evaluated ERA-interim reanalysis data against measured data at 90 m height for Samothraki island in the Mediterranean using statistical analysis, the offshore wind farm site assessment was reported in terms of contour plots and time-series of annual and monthly mean wind speed.…”