A new optional recycled water pre-treatment system prior to use in the household laundry

Abstract

With a constantly growing population, water scarcity becomes the limiting factor for further social and economic growth. To achieve a partial reduction in current freshwater demands and lessen the environmental loadings, an increasing trend in the water market tends to adopt recycled water for household laundries as a new recycled water application. The installation of a small pre-treatment unit for water purification can not only further improve the recycled water quality, but also be viable to enhance the public confidence and acceptance level on recycled water consumption. Specifically, this paper describes column experiments conducted using a 550 mm length bed of zeolite media as a one-dimensional flow reactor. The results show that the zeolite filter system could be a simple low-cost pre-treatment option which is able to significantly reduce the total hardness level of recycled water via effective ion exchange. Additionally, depending on the quality of recycled water required by end users, a new by-pass controller using a three-level operation switching mechanism is introduced. This approach provides householders sufficient flexibility to respond to different levels of desired recycled water quality and increase the reliability of long-term system operation. These findings could be beneficial to the smooth implementation of new end uses and expansion of the potential recycled water market. The information could also offer sound suggestions for future research on sustainable water management and governance.

Fouling control of a ceramic microfiltration membrane for direct sewer mining by backwashing with ozonated water

“…The extracted wastewater undergoes physical separation processes to reduce suspended solids and attain a suitable quality level beneficial use [2]. These physical separation processes typically include multi-media filtration [6] and microfiltration (MF) [7] or ultrafiltration (UF) [8].…”

The impact of information provision on public willingness to use recycled water for flushing from the perspective of risk perception

“…Previous studies have shown that possible harmful microorganisms and chemical residues in recycled water pose a potential threat to human health, which has raised concerns about the safety of recycled water use (Gerrity et al, 2018). As a result, the public was reluctant to use recycled water due to health risks (Chen et al, 2014). Meanwhile, the loss of money and the inconvenience of subsequent maintenance receive less attention.…”

Rancang Bangun Dan Kinerja Alat Borazsilab Filter Dengan Sistem Filtrasi

“…Material yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah arang aktif tempurung lontar (Borassus flabellifer L.) (Lano, Ledo & Nitsae, 2020); (Nitsae, Solle, Martinus, & Emola, 2021), sabut kelapa (Pinandari, Fitriana, Nugraha, & Suhartono, 2011), pasir (Ahmad & El-Dessouky, 2008), dan zeolit (Chen et al, 2014. Semua material digunakan dalam sistem filtrasi yang dipilih sesuai fungsi masing-masing.…”