A new phytophagous Bracon Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) associated with Protium ovatum Engl. (Burseraceae) fruits from Brazilian savannah

Perioto, Nelson Wanderley; Lara, Rogéria Inês Rosa; Ferreira, Cid Sérgio; Fernandes, Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues; Pedroso, Elizabeth do Carmo; Volpe, Haroldo Xavier Linhares; Nais, Juliana; Correa, Lilian Roberta Batista; Viel, Sílvio Rogério

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3000.1.4

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The phytophagous species Bracon zuleideae Perioto and Lara, 2011 was described from Brazil associated with fruits of Protium ovatum Engl. (Burseraceae) (Perioto et al, 2011). Therefore, it was not possible to determine the precise food web role for Bracon sp.…”

Section: Hymenopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivore, parasitoid and hyperparasitoid insects associated with fruits and seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae)

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to inventory the herbivore insects associated with Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae) fruits and seeds and their primary and secondary parasitoids. Six samples collected between May and October 2013 yielded 210 fruits, from which 326 insects of six orders emerged: Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera and Psocoptera. Coleoptera (five families) was represented by the seed consumers Merobruchus bicoloripes Pic, Stator sp. Bridwell (Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), two species of Silvanidae, one species of Scolytinae (Curculionidae), one species of Nitidulidae and one species of Cerambycidae. The cerambycid was also observed forming galleries on fruit mesocarp. Immature individuals of Lepidoptera were observed consuming the fruits and seeds. From the seven Hymenoptera families, only two species were associated with Coleoptera, being Horismenus Walker sp. (Eulophidae) as parasitoid of M. bicoloripes, and Neoheterospilus falcatus (Marsh) (Braconidae) as parasitoid of Scolytinae. The Lepidoptera parasitoids represented four genera: Pseudophanerotoma Zetel, Chelonus Panzer (Braconidae), Orgilus Nees (Braconidae) and Goniozus Forster (Bethylidae). The host associations for the reared parasitoids Bracon Fabricius (Braconidae), Pimplinae sp. (Ichneumonidae) and Perilampus Forster (Perilampidae) were not confirmed. We obtained a single representative of Diptera (Tachinidae) associated with Lepidoptera hosts in this food web.

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Section: Hymenopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivore, parasitoid and hyperparasitoid insects associated with fruits and seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae)

et al. 2019

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“…The new species belongs to the large spectrum of Bracon species of size between 3–6 mm and differs markedly from the two other known phytophagous Bracon species both of which are Neotropical [ 14 , 15 ] notably in having the strongly sculptured metasomal tergites. DNA sequence data further indicates that they are only distantly related.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Gall induction in the Doryctinae appears to be phylogenetically associated with parasitism of gall formers, but nothing is known of the transitional stages. Since then, primary gall formation has also been demonstrated in the genus Mesostoa (Mesostoinae) [ 13 ] whilst purely phytophagous seed predation is known in two Neotropical species of Bracon (Braconinae) [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomophytophagy ('Sequential Predatory, then Phytophagous Behaviour') in an Indian Braconid ‘Parasitoid’ Wasp (Hymenoptera): Specialized Larval Morphology, Biology and Description of a New Species

et al. 2016

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The vast majority of braconid wasps are parasitoids of other insects. Although a few cases of pure phytophagy (primary gall production and seed predation) are known, no previous entomophytophagous species (i.e. ones that display entomophagy and phytophagy sequentially), has been discovered among braconids. We describe the detailed biology and specialized larval morphology for the first confirmed entomophytophagous braconid species. Leaf galls on Garuga pinnata Roxb. (Burseraceae) in India, induced by the psyllid, Phacopteron lentiginosum Buckton (Hemiptera: Psylloidea, Phacopteronidae) were sampled throughout a period of several months and found to suffer a high level of attack by a new species Bracon garugaphagae Ranjith & Quicke which is here described and illustrated. The wasps oviposit singly into the galls without paralysing the psyllids. The larvae first attack psyllid nymphs which they seek out within the gall, kill them with a single bite and consume them. Unique dorsal abdominal tubercles, with eversible tips present on the abdominal segments of the larvae that are used to help maintain larval position while feeding, are illustrated. After consuming all available prey, the larvae continue feeding on gall tissue until mature enough to spin cocoons and pupate. The new species illustrates, for the first time, a possible intermediate stage in the evolution of pure phytophagy within the Braconidae. Interestingly, the two unrelated seed predator Bracon species are also associated with Burseraceae, perhaps indicating that this plant family is particularly suited as a food for braconine wasps.

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“…The Braconinae currently contains 2766 described species (Dolphin & Quicke, 2001;Flores et al, 2005;Perioto et al, 2011;Ranjith et al, 2016) and is the most speciose subfamily in the Braconidae (Jones et al, 2009). Immature forms of this subfamily develop as ectoparasitoids of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera larvae (Tenthredinoidea) (Shaw & Huddleston, 1991); phytophagy has been reported in three species (Flores et al, 2005;Perioto et al, 2011;Ranjith et al, 2016). The Doryctinae currently contains about 1500 described species (Dolphin & Quicke, 2001;Marsh, 2002;Marsh et al, 2013) and is the fifth richest subfamily in the Braconidae.…”

Section: Study Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting patterns of altitudinal distribution between parasitoid wasps of the subfamilies Braconinae and Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Aguirre

Shaw

Rodríguez-Jimenez

2017

Insect Conserv Diversity

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Many tropical organisms have narrow altitudinal ranges and therefore may be especially vulnerable to climate change. Parasitoid wasps are no exception, so baseline knowledge about their vulnerability to rising temperatures needs to include analyses of their distributional ranges along elevational gradients. Using museum collections of the parasitoid subfamilies Braconinae and Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Costa Rica, we tested two alternative hypotheses explaining altitudinal distributions of communities: (i) the Mid‐domain effect, which states that species diversity peaks at middle elevations as a result of species’ random distributions; and (ii) Rapoport's effect, which predicts that species diversity should monotonically decrease with increasing elevation. We found that for the Doryctinae, species diversity decreased monotonically with elevation, while the Braconinae showed two peaks. Species altitudinal ranges increased with elevation in the Doryctinae, as predicted by Rapoport's effect, but not so in the Braconinae. Neither of the subfamilies’ distributions fit the prediction of the Mid‐domain effect. The richness peak at low elevations displayed by the Braconinae and Doryctinae matches the distribution of wood‐boring beetles, which are potential hosts for both taxa. The second peak described in the Braconinae at middle elevations may reflect either better access or higher availability of potential hosts in the Diptera and Lepidoptera at those elevations. Because species in the Doryctinae, on average, had altitudinal ranges that were broader and lower in elevation than species in the Braconinae, our results suggest that species in the Doryctinae might have greater resilience to future temperature increases.

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A new phytophagous Bracon Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) associated with Protium ovatum Engl. (Burseraceae) fruits from Brazilian savannah

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Herbivore, parasitoid and hyperparasitoid insects associated with fruits and seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae)

Herbivore, parasitoid and hyperparasitoid insects associated with fruits and seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae)

Entomophytophagy ('Sequential Predatory, then Phytophagous Behaviour') in an Indian Braconid ‘Parasitoid’ Wasp (Hymenoptera): Specialized Larval Morphology, Biology and Description of a New Species

Contrasting patterns of altitudinal distribution between parasitoid wasps of the subfamilies Braconinae and Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

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