A new species and a new natural hybrid of Origanum L. (Lamiaceae) from the west of Turkey

Abstract

The species of the genus Origanum L. are strongly aromatic perennial herbs and subshrubs. The Origanum species have many morphological and chemical varieties. Carvacrol, thymol, linalool, and p-cymene are some of their abundant chemical components. Origanum species are widely used as tea and herbs in folk medicine. They have antispasmodic, antimicrobial, expectorant, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and carminative effects. (Başer and Kırımer, 2006;Yılmaz et al., 2017). Therefore, the use of Origanum plants is very common as tea, as additives to foods, and in traditional remedies for the treatment of infectious diseases and the prevention of cancer and gastrointestinal system diseases (Marrelli et al., 2010).The genus Origanum (Lamiaceae, subfamily: Nepetoideae, tribe: Mentheae, subtribe: Menthineae) comprises 43 species (51 taxa) and 15 hybrids worldwide (Ietswaart, 1980(Ietswaart, , 1982. The species are mainly concentrated in the temperate regions of the Mediterranean area. Twenty-three species (26 taxa), 8 hybrids, and one suspected species have been recorded in Turkey, which has the most species. Twenty of those are endemic (Ietswaart, 1982;Davis et al., 1988;Duman, 2000). The species are classified into eight sections: Sect. Amaracus (Gleditsch) Vogel ( 4species), Sect. Anatolicon Ietsw. (2 species), Sect. Breviflamnetum Ietsw. (7 species), Sect. Longitubus Ietsw. (1 species), Sect. Chilocalyx (Briq.) Ietsw. (3 species), Sect. Majorana (Mill.) Benth. (3 species), Sect. Origanum (1 species, 4 taxa), and Sect. Prolaticorolla Ietsw. (1 species).Origanum dictamnus L., indicated as a suspected species in the Flora of Turkey, belongs to the section Amaracus. To date, O. dictamnus has only been recorded from Crete, where it is considered endemic. An unflowered specimen from Aydın-Priene (Fors-Maj. 665) was collected and identified as O. dictamnus in the Flora of Turkey (Ietswaart, 1980(Ietswaart, , 1982. This specimen (from Aydın-Priene) was different from O. dictamnus in respect to the unbranched indumentum. However, although this specimen did not have flowers, it was reported that this specimen did not, in fact, belong to O. dictamnus (Ietswaart, 1980(Ietswaart, , 1982. Based on this note stated in the Flora of Turkey and the Eastern Aegean Islands, in order to collect new materials, a field trip was made to the environs of Priene, an ancient city on the Dilek Peninsula/Kuşadası (Figure 1). Despite covetable specimens not being collected from Priene, some

Composition of the essential oil of Satureja metastasiantha : a new species for the flora of Turkey

“…The species of the genus Satureja are distributed mainly in Mediterranean countries, Europe, North Africa, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Caucasus [4,5], among which Turkey has the most of the species of genus Satureja [6,7]. According to the recent studies on Lamiaceae family in Turkey, the number of species is on the increase [3,8]. Satureja metastasiantha (Zap Kaya kekiği) is one of the species in the flora of Turkey, discovered by Dirmenci and his group [7].…”

Two new hybrid species of Salvia (S. × karamanensis and S. × doganii) from Turkey: evidence from molecular and morphological studies

“…Recently, several molecular phylogenetic studies based on nuclear and chloroplast markers have been used to suggest or demonstrate putative hybridization events within Lamiaceae and the other families (e.g., Bendiksby et al, 2011;Drew et al, 2014;González-Gallegos et al, 2015;Walker et al, 2015;Dirmenci et al, 2018Dirmenci et al, , 2019Xiang et al, 2018). Although in general phylogenetic relationships between the hybrid and putative parent species were poorly resolved here, there is evidence in both trees that support our hybridization hypotheses.…”

Efficacy of Origanum syriacum Essential Oil against the Mosquito Vector Culex quinquefasciatus and the Gastrointestinal Parasite Anisakis simplex, with Insights on Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition

“…Plant secondary metabolites represent an ancient and huge source of bioactive molecules of potential interest for developing new insecticides [23,24,25] and antiparasitic drugs [26,27,28,29,30,31]. The genus Origanum L. (Lamiaceae) comprises 43 species (51 taxa) worldwide [32,33,34,35,36,37,38], with its center of diversity in the Mediterranean area [32]. According to the classification proposed by Ietswaart [32], based on morphological characters, Origanum is classified into ten sections.…”