A Note on Algal Toxins in Wisconsin Waters Experiencing Blue-green Algal Blooms

Sonzogni, William C.; Repavich, Wyatt M.; Standridge, Jon H.; Wedepohl, Richard E.; Vennie, James G.

doi:10.1080/07438148809354837

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In Wisconsin, the Dane County (south central Wisconsin) Coroner attributed the death of a young boy to complications caused by the ingestion of cyanotoxins (Dane County Coroner's Office, 2002). Although the presence of algal toxins in Wisconsin lakes is not new (Sonzogni et al, 1988; Repavich et al, 1990; Karner et al, 2001), interest among public health officials has recently increased in Wisconsin and elsewhere around the world as reports of algal toxin poisoning increase (Kuiper‐Goodman et al, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Measurements of Cyanobacterial Toxins in Natural Waters Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Hedman¹,

Krick²,

Perkins³

et al. 2008

J of Env Quality

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The presence and levels of the cyanobacterial toxins microcystin-LR, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin were measured in various Wisconsin waters where algal nuisance or bloom conditions were noted. Out of 74 samples analyzed, 36 had detectable levels of microcystin-LR (49%), and four had detectable levels of anatoxin-a (5%). Cylindrospermopsin, the toxin produced by Cylindrospermopsis (a warm water species that has been moving its range northward, including to Wisconsin), was not detected in the field samples tested. Concentrations of microcystin-LR ranged from 1.2 to 7600 microg L(-1). Anatoxin-a ranged from 0.68 to 1750 microg L(-1), which is the highest concentration reported from around the world. Cyanobacterial toxins, because of their high potency, deserve continued scrutiny by resource managers and public health officials responsible for recreational waters.

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confidence: 99%

New Measurements of Cyanobacterial Toxins in Natural Waters Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Hedman¹,

Krick²,

Perkins³

et al. 2008

J of Env Quality

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“…Recent studies suggested that a blue-green algal bloom (Microcystis sp. ), usually associated with the eutrophication in Chinese lakes, produces toxins that can be fatal to vertebrates (Carmichael 1986, Sonzogni et al 1988. Discharge of excessive nutrients (from raw sewage) is considered as the main cause of lake eutrophication in China (Jin 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Silver Carp Density on Zooplankton and Water Quality: Implications for Eutrophic Lakes in China

Xie

Dai

et al. 1997

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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We examined the responses of zooplankton community, water transparency, chlorophyll a-and nutrients to manipulation of density of silver carp (Hypophthyalmichthys rnolitrix) in an one-way factorial experiment using enclosures placed in Donghu (East Lake, 30" 33' N, 114" 23' E), located in Wuhan, P. R. China. Enclosures (18.75 m3) were treated with four silver carp densities, 0,81,225,485 g/m2. Total zooplankton abundance (excluding nauplii and rotifers except for Asplanchna sp.) and the mean size of dominant cladoceran species were significantly greater in enclosures with 0 and 81 fish densities than those in enclosures with 225 and 485 fish densities. Water transparency also improved significantly when silver carp densities were 0 or 81 g/m2. We did not find significant effects of silver carp density on chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, or total nitrogen concentrations.We conclude that by reducing planktivorous fish to below the current density (190 g/m'), the zooplankton community can be shifted from the dominance of small-bodied Moina sp. to dominance of large-bodied Daphnia sp. Further, the water clarity can be increased. INTRODUCTIONA recent survey reported that the proportion of lakes that can be classified as eutrophic (total phosphorus ranging from 0.01 8 to 0.97 mg/L) in China has increased from 5% to 55% in the past decade (Jin 1994). Water transparency of less than 1 m and reduced

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“…In the midwest United States and Canada, deaths of livestock that drink water from farm ponds or dugouts are common and constitute a considerable economic loss. Several regional surveys indicate the widespread geographic occurrence of toxic blue-green algal blooms (Mattson and Willen 1986, Sonzogni et al 1988, Repavich et al 1990, Sivonen et al 1990, Kotak et al 1993.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wintertime Blue-Green Algal Toxicity in a Mesotrophic Lake

Jacoby¹,

Gibbons²,

Hanowell³

et al. 1994

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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Wintertime toxic blooms of the blue-green alga Anabaena flos-aquae have been documented since 1989 in American Lake, a 446-ha lake near Tacoma, Washington. The toxic episodes were unusual in that algal toxicity occurred during the winter and this lake is considered to be only moderately productive. A year-long study was conducted to determine the environmental factors associated with toxic conditions. Toxic blue-green algal blooms in American Lake were associated with increased nutrient (especially phosphorus) availability following winter turnover. Phosphorus released from lake sediments under conditions of low oxygen during lake stratification fueled winter blooms of algae, including the toxic Anabaena flos-aquae strain. The lake's extremely low iron content was insufficient to completely remove this released phosphorus from the water column during lake turnover.

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A Note on Algal Toxins in Wisconsin Waters Experiencing Blue-green Algal Blooms

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

New Measurements of Cyanobacterial Toxins in Natural Waters Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry

New Measurements of Cyanobacterial Toxins in Natural Waters Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Effects of Silver Carp Density on Zooplankton and Water Quality: Implications for Eutrophic Lakes in China

Wintertime Blue-Green Algal Toxicity in a Mesotrophic Lake

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