A novel acute phase reactant, serum amyloid A-like 1, from Oplegnathus fasciatus: Genomic and molecular characterization and transcriptional expression analysis

Identification of the Novel Oncogenic Role of SAAL1 and Its Therapeutic Potential in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…Serum amyloid A-like 1 (SAAL1) is a serum amyloid A (SAA) related gene and located in the same chromosome (11p) with SAA family genes [14]. SAAL1 is a novel acute phase responsive protein associated with the dysregulated proliferation of activated synovial fibroblasts to accelerate the progression of synovitis [15].…”

“…Upregulation of SAAL1 has been found in the foot joints of mice with collagen-induced arthritis and knockdown of SAAL1 can inhibit the proliferation of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast (RASFs) in vitro [15]. Another study using Oplegnathus fasciatus as a model system revealed that the level of SAAL1 was significantly elevated in the blood and liver upon the challenge of bacterial infection [14]. Like the other two major acute-phase proteins SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP), SAAL1 protein expression has been found to be induced in the liver upon inflammation and could serve as a biomarker of the acute phase response [14].…”

“…Another study using Oplegnathus fasciatus as a model system revealed that the level of SAAL1 was significantly elevated in the blood and liver upon the challenge of bacterial infection [14]. Like the other two major acute-phase proteins SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP), SAAL1 protein expression has been found to be induced in the liver upon inflammation and could serve as a biomarker of the acute phase response [14]. Although SAA family genes were reported to promote tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in several cancers, the role of SAAL1 is unknown in cancer and HCC tumorigenesis [16,17].…”

Tissue-specific molecular immune response to lipopolysaccharide challenge in emaciated anadromous Arctic charr

“…Although acute phase proteins are synthesized predominantly in the liver (Talbot et al, 2009), our results show SAA expression profile to be similar in the spleen of fed charr in response to LPS stimulation. This is not surprising since recent studies have provided evidence of extrahepatic synthesis and cellular expression of APPs (Colten, 1992;Goetz et al, 2004;SaranyaRevathy et al, 2012). However, the faster SAA response to LPS stimulation in the spleen of fasted charr along with the cytokine response leads us to propose a paracrine and/or autocrine role for cytokines in APP response in this tissue.…”

“…The liver plays an important role in intermediary metabolism and, therefore, may be particularly sensitive to changes in nutritional status of the animal. The liver is also a major site of acute phase proteins (APPs) synthesis, which is a key component of the innate immune response (SaranyaRevathy et al, 2012;Talbot et al, 2009). Serum amyloid protein A (SAA) is a major APP and an effector of innate immunity in all vertebrates, including fish (Steel and Whitehead, 1994;Talbot et al, 2009).…”