A Novel Acyl-CoA Synthetase, ACS5, Expressed in Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Proliferating Preadipocytes

Oikawa, Eisaku; Iijima, Hiroaki; Suzuki, Takashi; Sasano, Hironobu; Sato, Hiroyuki; Kamataki, Akihisa; Nishimura, Hiroshi; Kang, Man‐Jong; Fujino, Takahiro; Suzuki, Hiroyuki; Yamamoto, Tokuo

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022165

Cited by 136 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It has been reported that Acsl-1 and -5 similarly activate most unsaturated FA [44,45], while Ascl-3, Ascl-4, and Ascl-6 preferentially activate PUFA [44,46]. In the present study, the mRNA abundance of Ascl-1 and Ascl-4 did not vary with the treatment (data not shown).…”

Section: Mrna Expression Of Fatty Acid Activators In the Duodenumsupporting

confidence: 50%

Fish‐meal diet enriched with omega‐3 PUFA and treatment of canine chronic enteropathies

Ontsouka

Burgener

Luckschander-Zeller

et al. 2012

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The effects of a fish-meal-and potato-protein-based diet enriched with omega-3 PUFA on intestinal inflammatory activity and expression of genes active in fatty acid (FA) uptake were tested in the duodenum of dogs with food responsive diarrhea (FRD; n ¼ 14) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; n ¼ 7). The clinical outcome was estimated by monitoring the canine IBD activity index (CIBDAI) before and after treatment. Dogs were treated with the diet alone (FRD) or the diet in combination with immunosuppressants (IBD). The duodenal mRNA levels of FA translocase, FA transport protein-1,-3,-4,-6, long chain acyl coenzyme synthetase-1,-4,-5,-6, liver-and intestinal-FA binding proteins, interleukin-1b (IL)-1b and -6, and tumor necrosis factor-a were measured by quantitative PCR. The CIBDAI significantly decreased after treatment in all dogs. The mRNA levels of target genes were associated both with disease phenotype and dietary treatment. Significantly different expression patterns were found for IL-1b, FA translocase, intestinal-FA binding protein, FA transport proteins-1,-3,-6, and long chain acyl coenzyme synthetase-5,-6. In conclusion, the mRNA levels of some of the genes involved in duodenal FA uptake may be altered by a fish-meal-and potato-protein-based diet enriched with omega-3 PUFA. This may be beneficial for the treatment of canine chronic enteropathies, particularly FRD.Practical applications: In this study, feeding dogs on a fish-meal-and potato-protein-based diet enriched with omega-3 PUFA resulted in marked suppression of intestinal inflammatory activity, mainly in the duodenum of dogs with food responsive diarrhea with a concomitant alteration of some of the genes involved in FA uptake. In IBD, however, a combination of diet and immunosuppressive drugs was required. The present study provides preliminary insights into the importance of the herein tested dietary composition for the treatment of canine chronic enteropathies, revealing that an omega-3 PUFA-enriched diet can be beneficial to the animal's health and wellbeing. Furthermore, our results serve as the basis for future investigations using different food ingredients and FA compositions to identify the optimal dietary mixture that could be equally effective for dietary prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of canine chronic enteropathies, or both.Keywords: Canine inflammatory bowel disease index activity / Fatty acid transporters / Intestinal bowel disease / Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids

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Section: Mrna Expression Of Fatty Acid Activators In the Duodenumsupporting

confidence: 50%

Fish‐meal diet enriched with omega‐3 PUFA and treatment of canine chronic enteropathies

Ontsouka

Burgener

Luckschander-Zeller

et al. 2012

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…ACS5 is highly expressed in the small intestine (37), and ACS1, with widespread tissue distribution, is also found (38). ACS5 is thought to be involved in PL synthesis and FFA ␤-oxidation, and ACS-1 may be linked to TG synthesis (37).…”

Section: Detection Of Mg Lipase Mrna By Rt-pcr-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoacylglycerol Metabolism in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells

Ho¹,

Delgado²,

Storch³

2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Free fatty acids (FFA) and sn-2-monoacylglycerol (MG), the two major hydrolysis products of dietary triacylglycerol (TG), are absorbed from the lumen into polarized enterocytes that line the small intestine. Intensive studies regarding FFA metabolism in the intestine have been published; however, little is known regarding the metabolism of MG. In these studies, we examined the metabolism of sn-2-monoolein (sn-2-18:1) by human intestinal Caco-2 cells. To mimic the physiological presentation of MG to the enterocyte, the metabolism of [ 3 H]sn-2-monoolein was examined by adding taurocholatemixed sn-2-18:1 and albumin-bound sn-2-18:1 at the apical (AP) and basolateral (BL) surfaces of the Caco-2 cell, respectively. The results demonstrate that more sn-2-18:1 was incorporated into TG from AP taurocholate-mixed sn-2-18:1, whereas more phospholipid was synthesized from BL albumin-bound sn-2-18:1. The TG: phospholipid ratio was ϳ5-fold higher for AP relative to BL MG incubation. Qualitatively similar results were observed for bovine serum albumin-bound MG added at the apical surface. It was also found that substantial sn-2-18:1 radioactivity was recovered in the FFA fraction, suggesting that sn-2-18:1 may be directly hydrolyzed within the Caco-2. We therefore used reverse transcription-PCR with primers designed from the murine MG lipase (MGL) gene, and detected the presence of MG lipase mRNA in Caco-2. The human MGL gene was cloned and found to be 83% identical to the murine MGL, and identical to a previously described lysophospholipase-like protein. Northern blot analysis showed the expression of MGL throughout Caco-2 differentiation. Thus, MG metabolism in Caco-2 cells may include not only well established anabolic processes, but also catabolic processes. Further, the observed polarity of MG metabolism suggests that, as for fatty acids, separate precursor and/or product pools of lipid may exist in the intestinal enterocyte.sn-2-Monoacylglycerol (sn-2-MG) 1 and fatty acids (FFA) are the products of pancreatic lipase hydrolysis of dietary triacylglycerol (TG). They are absorbed from the lumen into polarized enterocytes that line the small intestine (1). Following absorption, across the apical (AP) surface of the enterocyte, sn-2-MG and FFA are reincorporated into TG, which are subsequently secreted as the major component of chylomicrons (CM) into the lymphatic system (1). FFA are also taken up across the basolateral (BL) surface of the enterocyte (2), and we have shown recently that MG is taken up across the BL surface of Caco-2 cells as well (3). CM and other TG-rich lipoproteins are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) that extends into the vascular space from the capillary endothelial cells of extrahepatic tissues. LPL catalyzes the release of FFA from TG, and circulating TG-rich lipoproteins have been reported to accumulate MG after LPL hydrolysis (4, 5). Further, serum albumin was found to bind sn-2-monoolein (sn-2-18:1) with an apparent dissociation constant (K d ) of ϳ0.2 M (6), and it was shown that albumin-bo...

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“…These cells are able to divide or differentiate in response to extracellular cues (25). However, these cells have very limited capacity to synthesize and store neutral lipids (9,18,32). Previous studies on preadipocytes mostly focus on the mechanisms of adipogenesis induced by hormonal cocktails (3,19,28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitate modulates intracellular signaling, induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, and causes apoptosis in mouse 3T3-L1 and rat primary preadipocytes

Guo¹,

Wong²,

Xie³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

223

168

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A Novel Acyl-CoA Synthetase, ACS5, Expressed in Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Proliferating Preadipocytes

Cited by 136 publications

References 26 publications

Fish‐meal diet enriched with omega‐3 PUFA and treatment of canine chronic enteropathies

Fish‐meal diet enriched with omega‐3 PUFA and treatment of canine chronic enteropathies

Monoacylglycerol Metabolism in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells

Palmitate modulates intracellular signaling, induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, and causes apoptosis in mouse 3T3-L1 and rat primary preadipocytes

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