A Novel Approach to Characterize Dynamic Interaction Between Super Permeability Layers with Vertical - Faults and Their Affect on Flood Front Movement

Al-Shahri, Ali M.; Al-Muraikhi, Ahmed

doi:10.2118/49275-ms

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The researchers at Saudi Aramco Company have studied high permeability, or super-k, with different perspectives in order to identify super-k; whether it is a fracture, a vug system, and/or a high-permeability matrix. Useful information is offered in previous work by Moore (1989), Valle et al (1993), Luthy and Grover (1995), Valle et al (1997), Al-Shahri and Al-Muraikhi (1998), Al-Dhamen et al (1998, Dogru et al (2001), Al-Thawad et al (2001), Robert and Jonathan (2001), Cosentino et al (2001), Hemingway et al, (2001), to better understand the nature of the super-k zones. Going beyond these studies, core data analysis was used in conjunction with production logs as additional tools.…”

Section: Previous Work In High-permeability Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of high-permeability zones using core analysis, and production logging data

Al-Dhafeeri

Nasr‐El‐Din

2007

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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Section: Previous Work In High-permeability Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reservoir is a highly heterogeneous carbonate, containing faults, fractures and high-permeability zones (Al-Shahri and Al-Muraikhi, 1998). For effective reservoir management, the highpermeability zones have to be identified and characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of high-permeability zones using core analysis, and production logging data

Al-Dhafeeri

Nasr‐El‐Din

2007

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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“…1 . Attempts to capture the correct flow physics for these reservoirs in 3D reservoir simulation using conventional single porosity simulator was described by Phelps et.al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scalable Massively Parallel Dual-Porosity Dual-Permeability Simulator for Fractured Reservoirs with Super-K Permeability

Al-Shaalan

Fung

Doğru

2003

SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractModeling Middle East giant carbonate reservoirs with fractures and super-k conductivity present unique challenges to conventional simulation approaches. Fractures in these giant oil fields can exist as fracture swamp neighboring fault zones. These regional/local fractures can interact with Super-K layers (high permeability stratiform) which form extremely high conductivity to fluid flow. Typically, meaningful simulation for such an oil field requires the use of millions of grid cells involving thousands of wells. These reservoirs are not the classical dual porosity where matrix permeability is poor and does not form a part of the global flow path. Dual porosity dual permeability (DPDP) formulation allowing a flexible regional representation of both single porosity and dual porosity behavior on a cell by cell basis is more suitable.A parallel dual porosity dual permeability simulator has been developed to efficiently solve multi-million grid cell fractured reservoirs problems with super-k fracture permeability. To be effective, the simulator has to engage tens to hundreds of processors in a highly scalable manner. This paper discusses the formulation, the data design and solution procedures involved in this development.The parallelization paradigm is the mixed approach with MPI (Message Passing Interface) and OpenMP (Open Message Passing). These parallelization approaches are open standards supported by most major hardware vendors. This allows for easy portability among various hardware architectures. However, the data design and solution methods discussed herein are amenable to MPI only or other parallelization approaches as well. The mixed paradigm approach is flexible and allows various combination and permutation of MPI processes and OpenMP threads to be used to solve a problem.Results are presented for a multi-million cell fractured reservoir simulation with super-k involving thousands of wells and over 60 years of history match. We present simulation results, computational efficiency and parallel scalability on the IBM Nighthawk II, as well as on the PC Xeon Linux cluster hardware.

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Middle Eastern carbonate reservoirs – the critical impact of discrete zones of elevated permeability on reservoir performance

Cross,

Burchette

2024

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Middle Eastern carbonate petroleum reservoirs exhibit a range of heterogeneities which consist of variable combinations of primary stratigraphic and secondary diagenetic and structural characteristics. These produce diverse permeability architectures which can exert a profound influence on reservoir performance during secondary recovery. Of particular importance are laterally persistent discrete zones of elevated permeability (DZEP) that typically make up a volumetrically minor proportion of the reservoir yet show disproportionately high fluid inflow or outflow. The stratigraphic, diagenetic, and structural origins of elevated permeability in Middle Eastern carbonate reservoirs are considered here and the consequences of such features for reservoir performance are discussed. The term DZEP denotes geological sources of elevated permeability at least an order of magnitude greater than background reservoir properties. Stratigraphically organised DZEP comprise coarse-grained layers, event beds or parasequence tops or bases in neritic or platform interior settings. Other origins include bioturbated layers, grainy clinothems, and bed-scale, grain-size variations in shoal deposits. Diagenetic DZEP are typically dissolution horizons with mouldic and touching-vug pore networks or dolomitized intervals which often overprint stratigraphic DZEP. Structural DZEP include individual faults, fracture corridors, and fracture concentrations related to mechanical stratigraphy. During production through natural pressure depletion, DZEP may dominate well productivity. Under secondary recovery, the same intervals may dominate inter-well fluid flow, causing flood conformance issues, cross-zone fluid movement, bypassed pay, and earlier-than-expected water or gas breakthrough to production wells. Optimisation of production and ultimate recovery relies on collecting the correct kinds of data at a sufficiently early stage in the reservoir characterisation process to permit their inclusion in static and dynamic reservoir models.

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A Novel Approach to Characterize Dynamic Interaction Between Super Permeability Layers with Vertical - Faults and Their Affect on Flood Front Movement

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Characteristics of high-permeability zones using core analysis, and production logging data

Characteristics of high-permeability zones using core analysis, and production logging data

A Scalable Massively Parallel Dual-Porosity Dual-Permeability Simulator for Fractured Reservoirs with Super-K Permeability

Middle Eastern carbonate reservoirs – the critical impact of discrete zones of elevated permeability on reservoir performance

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