A Novel Bristle-Shaped Semi-Dry Electrode With Low Contact Impedance and Ease of Use Features for EEG Signal Measurements

Gao, Kunpeng; Liu, Jingquan; Yang, Han-Jia; Liao, Lu-Lu; Jiang, Chunpeng; Zhao, Nan; Wang, Xiaolin; Li, Xiuyan; Chen, Xiang; Yang, Bin

doi:10.1109/tbme.2019.2920711

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The structure was suitable for EEG monitoring in some hairy areas, and the correlation with wet electrode signals could reach about 94.25% and 90.65%, respectively, in static and dynamic EEG monitoring. In a recent study, the combination of a bristle electrode and a semi-dry electrode was carried out by Gao et al The bristle was fabricated using a hydrophilic material so that water could spread from the roots to the top [112]. Similarly, Xing et al [113] proposed a micro-seepage electrode with five components.…”

Section: Semi-dry Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since they have only recently been developed, there is still much room for improvement, such as how to ensure that the electrodes can easily pass through the hair and release electrolytes, but still maintain a good sense of comfort. [112,113]; (c,d) ionic hydrogel electrodes [65,116]; (e,f) sponge-based electrodes [111,114].…”

Section: Semi-dry Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the electrode polarization, electrochemical noise refers to the fluctuation in electrode potential and current caused by an electrode interface reaction, which will cause a great impact on the EEG signal. In general, this is usually measured by placing two electrodes on the polished metal plate [65,112] or the conductive electrolytic gel [63] to obtain the power spectral density (PSD).…”

Section: Electrode Polarization and Electrochemical Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

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State of the Art of Non-Invasive Electrode Materials for Brain–Computer Interface

Yuan

Yang

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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The brain–computer interface (BCI) has emerged in recent years and has attracted great attention. As an indispensable part of the BCI signal acquisition system, brain electrodes have a great influence on the quality of the signal, which determines the final effect. Due to the special usage scenario of brain electrodes, some specific properties are required for them. In this study, we review the development of three major types of EEG electrodes from the perspective of material selection and structural design, including dry electrodes, wet electrodes, and semi-dry electrodes. Additionally, we provide a reference for the current chaotic performance evaluation of EEG electrodes in some aspects such as electrochemical performance, stability, and so on. Moreover, the challenges and future expectations for EEG electrodes are analyzed.

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Section: Semi-dry Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Semi-dry Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrode Polarization and Electrochemical Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

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State of the Art of Non-Invasive Electrode Materials for Brain–Computer Interface

Yuan

Yang

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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“…Dry electrodes without wet contact with human skin yield a higher electrical impedance and influence the quality of the signal. [ 862,863 ] The electrical impedance of dry skin–electrode interfaces varies greatly, even under slight contact pressure changes. Such instability of dry electrode sensors inhibits the applications of biosignals monitoring from the human body under moving conditions.…”

Section: Additively Manufactured Smart Wearable Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ink‐Based Additive Nanomanufacturing of Functional Materials for Human‐Integrated Smart Wearables

2020

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Human-integrated devices include wearable and implantable devices for monitoring vital human signals or interacting with the human body. [1-3] The human-integrated devices needed to be tethered to the organs or the human skin for implementing their functions such as sensing and energy harvesting. [4-18] The economical, agile, customizable manufacturing, and integration of multifunctional device modules into networked systems with mechanical compliance and robustness will enable unprecedented human-integrated smart wearables [19-23] and usher in exciting opportunities in emerging technologies such as electronics, [24-29] wearable computation, [30-36] human-machine interface, [37-42] robotics, [43-48] and advanced healthcare. [49-54] The fabrication of stateof-the-art microelectronics involves hightemperature processing steps, which are generally incompatible with the flexible substrates (e.g., paper, polymer, fiber, etc.) [55-61] widely used in the wearable devices. Moreover, the current microfabrication technologies are not well positioned to process the emerging functional nanomaterials (e.g., nanowires [NWs] and 2D materials). [62-65] Such incomparability severely limits the pace of deploying these emerging materials (despite their unprecedented properties) in wearable and flexible device technologies. The additive manufacturing (AM) processes have emerged as potential candidates for addressing the earlier limitations of the current microfabrication technologies in fabricating flexible/wearable printed devices with diversified functionalities, e.g., energy harvesting/storage, sensing, actuation, and computation, leveraging advantages such as maskless processing, versatile ink formulation, low cost, low processing temperature, and scalability. [66-71] Researchers have devoted tremendous efforts to develop the related technologies, and several reviews have provided excellent discussions on the material formulation and process aspects of AM techniques. [63,72-79] However, to our best knowledge, there are few review reports about the ink-based additive nanomanufacturing of functional materials for human-integrated smart wearables. To fill this gap, here we review the recent progress in ink-based

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“…In these electrodes, the shape of the probe part has been designed to penetrate the hair layer; therefore, DC-coupled interfaces can be easily made by touching the probes to the scalp surface. From this idea, a shrinkable spring-loaded probe-based passive dry electrode [21], a brush-type flexible dry electrode [22,23], a pin-shaped conductive polymer-based dry electrode [24,25] and a 3D-printed dry-fingered electrode [26] have also been proposed. However, high and unstable contact impedance due to the electrolyte-free interface remains a major challenge in this type of dry electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Wired Active Spring-Loaded Dry Electrodes for EEG Measurements

Lee

Shin²,

Kumar

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Dry contact electrode-based EEG acquisition is one of the easiest ways to obtain neural information from the human brain, providing many advantages such as rapid installation, and enhanced wearability. However, high contact impedance due to insufficient electrical coupling at the electrode-scalp interface still remains a critical issue. In this paper, a two-wired active dry electrode system is proposed by combining finger-shaped spring-loaded probes and active buffer circuits. The shrinkable probes and bootstrap topology-based buffer circuitry provide reliable electrical coupling with an uneven and hairy scalp and effective input impedance conversion along with low input capacitance. Through analysis of the equivalent circuit model, the proposed electrode was carefully designed by employing off-the-shelf discrete components and a low-noise zero-drift amplifier. Several electrical evaluations such as noise spectral density measurements and input capacitance estimation were performed together with simple experiments for alpha rhythm detection. The experimental results showed that the proposed electrode is capable of clear detection for the alpha rhythm activation, with excellent electrical characteristics such as low-noise of 1.131 μVRMS and 32.3% reduction of input capacitance.

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A Novel Bristle-Shaped Semi-Dry Electrode With Low Contact Impedance and Ease of Use Features for EEG Signal Measurements

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

State of the Art of Non-Invasive Electrode Materials for Brain–Computer Interface

State of the Art of Non-Invasive Electrode Materials for Brain–Computer Interface

Ink‐Based Additive Nanomanufacturing of Functional Materials for Human‐Integrated Smart Wearables

Two-Wired Active Spring-Loaded Dry Electrodes for EEG Measurements

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