A Novel Classification of Lewis Acids on the Basis of Activity and Selectivity

Kobayashi, Shū; Busujima, Tsuyoshi; Nagayama, Satoshi

doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20001002)6:19<3491::aid-chem3491>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 123 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The Lewis acidity of Eco-Ni is therefore lower than the Lewis acidity of Eco-Zn. This is consistent with the expected acidity (Kobayashi et al 2000;Satchell and Satchell 1969). However, unlike for the Eco-Zn catalyst, the infrared analysis of the adsorbed pyridine on the Eco-Ni catalyst shows the presence of a band at 1,531 cm −1 , weak at 25°C, but very intense after degassing at 150°C (Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of Eco-nisupporting

confidence: 87%

From biodiversity to catalytic diversity: how to control the reaction mechanism by the nature of metallophytes

Escande

Olszewski

Grison

2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Phytoextraction is widely used for the reclamation of degraded sites, particularly to remove trace metals from contaminated soils. Whereas this technique demonstrates several advantages, the biomass resulting from phytoextraction processes is highly enriched in metallic elements and constitutes therefore a problematic waste. We show here that this biomass can be used for the preparation of novel polymetallic extracts, with high potential as catalysts or reagents in organic synthesis. This new concept of ecocatalysis constitutes an innovative recycling of metallic elements whose current known reserves could be exhausted in the coming decades. The ecocatalysts Eco-Zn and Eco-Ni prepared respectively from Zn and Ni hyperaccumulating plants display two distinct chemical reactivities, starting from the same substrates. Eco-Zn led to the formation of esters of commercial interest for the fragrance industry, following a hydro-acyloxy-addition reaction pathway. In contrast, Eco-Ni afforded chlorinated products thank to the hydrochlorination of alkenes. Both ecocatalysts allowed the synthesis of valuable products in high yields through methodologies in line with the spirit of sustainable chemistry.

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Section: Characterization Of Eco-nisupporting

confidence: 87%

From biodiversity to catalytic diversity: how to control the reaction mechanism by the nature of metallophytes

Escande

Olszewski

Grison

2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…In contrast, SnCl 4 , FeCl 3 and GaCl 3 , which have more chloride affinity,22, 30 would remove the Cl atom from IBVE‐HCl, generating a carbocation with the structure derived from IBVE for inducing copolymerization. Thus, copolymerization was conducted in toluene at −78 °C using SnCl 4 , FeCl 3 , and GaCl 3 (Table 1, entries 5–7, respectively), which showed different interactions with basic compounds compared to EtAlCl 2 22, 28, 31–34. These Lewis acids had larger activities for VE polymerization in the presence of an added base 22, 35, 36.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, copolymerization was conducted in toluene at À78 C using SnCl 4 , FeCl 3 , and GaCl 3 ( Table 1, entries 5-7, respectively), which showed different interactions with basic compounds compared to EtAlCl 2 . 22,28,[31][32][33][34] These Lewis acids had larger activities for VE polymerization in the presence of an added base. 22,35,36 With all acids, polymers were produced in addition to the cyclic trimer.…”

Section: Copolymerization Of Bza With Ibve Using Various Lewis Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled cationic copolymerization of benzaldehyde with isobutyl vinyl ether using base‐assisting system

Ishido

Aburaki

Kanaoka

et al. 2010

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Well‐controlled cationic copolymerization of benzaldehyde with IBVE was achieved using ethanesulfonic acid as an initiator in conjunction with GaCl3 in the presence of an added base. Copolymerization proceeded smoothly in toluene at −78 °C, yielding copolymers with very low polydispersity (Mw/Mn ∼ 1.1). Reactive conditions are critical for successful copolymerization: Every single parameter and ingredient is indispensable. For example, only homopolymerization of IBVE occurred in CH2Cl2 or in the absence of an added base.

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“…Niobium pentachloride has received increased attention in recent years due to its good Lewis acidity. Indeed, it has been used in reactions such as Diels-Alder, 2 ring opening of epoxides, 3 additions of silyl enol ethers to aldehydes 4 and allylation of aldehydes 5 and imines, 5a,6 among others.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Niobium Pentachloride‐Mediated Nucleophilic Additions to Cyclic N‐Acyliminium Ions.

2003

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A Novel Classification of Lewis Acids on the Basis of Activity and Selectivity

Cited by 123 publications

References 24 publications

From biodiversity to catalytic diversity: how to control the reaction mechanism by the nature of metallophytes

From biodiversity to catalytic diversity: how to control the reaction mechanism by the nature of metallophytes

Controlled cationic copolymerization of benzaldehyde with isobutyl vinyl ether using base‐assisting system

Niobium Pentachloride‐Mediated Nucleophilic Additions to Cyclic N‐Acyliminium Ions.

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