A novel composite of ionic liquid-containing polymer and metal–organic framework as an efficient catalyst for ultrasonic-assisted Knoevenagel condensation

Abstract

Abstract1-Butyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride was synthesized and polymerized with acrylamide to furnish an ionic liquid-containing polymer, which was then used for the formation of a composite with iron-based metal–organic framework. The resultant composite was characterized with XRD, TGA, FE-SEM, FTIR, EDS and elemental mapping analyses and its catalytic activity was appraised for ultrasonic-assisted Knoevenagel condensation. The results confirmed that the prepared composite could promote the reaction efficiently to furnish the corresponding products in high yields in very short reaction times. Moreover, the composite exhibited high recyclability up to six runs. It was also established that the activity of the composite was higher compared to pristine metal–organic framework or polymer.

Is a Catalyst Always Needed? The Case of the Knoevenagel Reaction with Malononitrile

“…This material was used in water under reflux (entries 14-15). [49] The recyclability was tested with benzaldehyde under this condition. Palladium-nickel nanoparticles on graphene oxide (PdNi@GO) was used in water/ ethanol at rt (entries 16-17).…”

Heteropoly Ionic Liquid Functionalized MOF-Fe: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Application in Selective Acetalization of Glycerol to Solketal as a Fuel Additive at Room Temperature, Solvent-Free Conditions

“…MOF-Fe was synthesized using a previous method . Briefly, 2-aminoterephthalic acid (NH 2 –BDC) (10 mmol) was dissolved in a beaker containing DMF (20 mL) and stirred for 30 min at room temperature (RT).…”

Highly selective reduction of nitro compounds catalyzed by MOF‐derived glucose stabilized Fe3O4 under mild conditions

“…MOFs are developing porous materials that are obtained through inorganic metal clusters and organic linkers. Due to the porosity and high surface area and unique stability of MOFs, their performance can be adjusted through the modification of synthetic methods and the use of appropriate reagents; they have been used in various fields, including drug delivery, gas storage, and catalysts 9 . In fact, the integration of MOFs in composites, especially magnetic nanoparticles, will lead to the synthesis of new materials that contain the properties of all used materials 10 …”

“…Due to the porosity and high surface area and unique stability of MOFs, their performance can be adjusted through the modification of synthetic methods and the use of appropriate reagents; they have been used in various fields, including drug delivery, gas storage, and catalysts. 9 In fact, the integration of MOFs in composites, especially magnetic nanoparticles, will lead to the synthesis of new materials that contain the properties of all used materials. 10 In terms of using noble metals as active sites for some reactions, copper is a suitable alternative to high-cost metals, such as gold, palladium, and platinum, because it is significantly more economical and has the ability to catalyze important transformations, including coupling reactions, Ullmann reactions, azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and gas phases.…”