A novel direct and cost effective method for fabricating paper-based microfluidic device by commercial eye pencil and its application for determining simultaneous calcium and magnesium

PAA Modified Upconversion Nanoparticles for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Cu2+ Ions

“…The presence of trace amount of Cu 2+ can be quantitatively estimated via traditional analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) (Tokay and Bagdat, 2015 ), atomic emission spectrometry (AES) (Atanassova and Russeva, 1998 ), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Becker et al, 2005 ), colorimetry (Liu et al, 2018 ), solid-phase extraction (SPE) (Liu et al, 2020 ), voltammetry (Liu et al, 2020 ), and fluorescence spectrometry (Zhang et al, 2014 ). Colorimetry is mostly applied in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) for low-cost, fast, and simple analysis (Cate et al, 2015 ; Ostad et al, 2017 ). However, the detection capability or sensitivity of the colorimetric technique is not good (Liu et al, 2018 ).…”

“…Up to now, most of the reported fluorescent probes are organic such as rhodamine-based derivatives (Tang et al, 2011 ), BODIPY-based derivatives (Loudet and Burgess, 2007 ), coumarin-based derivatives (Sheng et al, 2008 ), and naphthalimide-based fluorogenic probe (Xu et al, 2005 ; Zhang et al, 2014 ; Fu et al, 2019 ). These organic fluorescent probes absorb high energy UV/blue light, which resulted in low detectability due to the background fluorescence interference and shallow penetration depth (Jiang and Meng, 2013 ; Ostad et al, 2017 ). The nominal concentration of the Cu 2+ in blood and drinking water allowed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is around 100–150 μg/dL (15.7–23.6 μM) and 1.3 ppm (~20 μM), respectively (Helal et al, 2011 ; Jiang and Meng, 2013 ; Sikdar et al, 2018 ).…”

Development of a High-Throughput Low-Cost Approach for Fabricating Fully Drawn Paper-Based Analytical Devices Using Commercial Writing Tools

“…In order to create hydrophobic patterns on paper, several materials and PoP methodologies have been applied: commercial wax pencils or crayons [19][20][21]; a heated pen to dispense molten wax [22]; commercial acrylate-based plastic [23]; typo correction pens [24,25]; and 3D pens [26]. The disadvantages of these methods are the limited spatial resolution achieved and the need for post-fabrication treatment (by heating or UV irradiation).…”

Data_Sheet_1.PDF

“…The presence of trace amount of Cu 2+ can be quantitatively estimated via traditional analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) (Tokay and Bagdat, 2015), atomic emission spectrometry (AES) (Atanassova and Russeva, 1998), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Becker et al, 2005), colorimetry (Liu et al, 2018), solid-phase extraction (SPE) (Liu et al, 2020), voltammetry (Liu et al, 2020), and fluorescence spectrometry (Zhang et al, 2014). Colorimetry is mostly applied in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) for low-cost, fast, and simple analysis (Cate et al, 2015;Ostad et al, 2017). However, the detection capability or sensitivity of the colorimetric technique is not good (Liu et al, 2018).…”

“…Up to now, most of the reported fluorescent probes are organic such as rhodamine-based derivatives (Tang et al, 2011), BODIPY-based derivatives (Loudet and Burgess, 2007), coumarin-based derivatives (Sheng et al, 2008), and naphthalimide-based fluorogenic probe (Xu et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2014;Fu et al, 2019). These organic fluorescent probes absorb high energy UV/blue light, which resulted in low detectability due to the background fluorescence interference and shallow penetration depth (Jiang and Meng, 2013;Ostad et al, 2017). The nominal concentration of the Cu 2+ in blood and drinking water allowed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is around 100-150 µg/dL (15.7-23.6 µM) and 1.3 ppm (∼20 µM), respectively (Helal et al, 2011;Jiang and Meng, 2013;Sikdar et al, 2018).…”