A Novel Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage-Based Proton Battery for Renewable Energy Storage

Abstract

The inherently variable nature of renewable energy sources makes them storage-dependent when providing a reliable and continuous energy supply. One feasible energy-storage option that could meet this challenge is storing surplus renewable energy in the form of hydrogen. In this context, storage of hydrogen electrochemically in porous carbon-based electrodes is investigated. Measurements of hydrogen storage capacity, proton conductivity, and capacitance due to electrical double layer of several porous activated carbon electrodes are reported. The hydrogen storage capacity of the tested electrodes is found in the range of 0.61−1.05 wt.%, which compares favorably with commercially available metal hydride-based hydrogen storage, lithium polymer batteries, and lithium ion batteries in terms of gravimetric energy density. The highest obtained proton conductivity was 0.0965 S/cm, which is near to that of the commercial polymer-based proton conductor, nafion 117, under fully hydrated conditions. The obtained capacitance due to double-layers of the tested electrodes was in the range of 28.3–189.4 F/g. The relationship between specific surface area, micropore volume and hydrogen storage capacity of the carbon electrodes is discussed. The contribution of capacitance to the equivalent hydrogen storage capacity of carbon electrodes is reported. The implications of the obtained experimental results are discussed.

Comparison of Hydrogen Powertrains with the Battery Powered Electric Vehicle and Investigation of Small-Scale Local Hydrogen Production Using Renewable Energy

“…One of the main problems is the fact that hydrogen only attaches to reactive carbon [19]. This is why current research focuses on either creating more reactive carbon sites or coating carbon with materials that act as catalysts [20][21][22][23][24]. One of the highest storage capacities currently reported for this technology is 10.94 wt.% (3.6 kWh/kg) at room temperature, which was achieved by coating carbon nanotubes with bimetallic iron silver and titanium oxide particles.…”

First‐principle investigation of XSrH3 (X = K and Rb) perovskite‐type hydrides for hydrogen storage

“…In recent years, the investigation of energy has been focused on renewable and sustainable power sources due to the expanding requirements for spotless and conservative energy sources. [ 2–5 ] From this perspective, hydrogen has been considered an inexhaustible, effective, and supportable energy source. [ 3–7 ] Lot of work has been required to deliver a perfect energy structures which are dependent on hydrogen as an option in contrast to products based on carbons.…”

CaXH 3 (X = Mn, Fe, Co) perovskite‐type hydrides for hydrogen storage applications

“…Due to this increasing need for clean and economical energy sources, research in the field of energy has been concentrated on new and/or renewable energy sources in recent years. [2][3][4][5] Therefore, clean energy production, storage, and technological applications come into prominence to obtain continuous energy flow. In this point of view, hydrogen has gained popularity as abundant, efficient, and sustainable energy source in addition to environmental issues.…”

“…Together with CO 2 emission from the conventional fossil fuels, the environmental concerns have been major research to find alternative sources and to shape the future energy. Due to this increasing need for clean and economical energy sources, research in the field of energy has been concentrated on new and/or renewable energy sources in recent years . Therefore, clean energy production, storage, and technological applications come into prominence to obtain continuous energy flow.…”