A Novel Fuzzy Theory-Based Differential Protection Scheme for Transmission Lines

Abstract

Ever-increasing consumption of electrical energy has forced extension of power networks to large areas. This would raise reliability and stability problems of power networks. Hence, there is a serious need to work on protection arrangements and relays behavior for solving these problems. By suitable configuration of protection systems and using correct protection functions, negative effects of undesirable faults in power system will be decreased. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to enhance the performance of differential relays based on the fuzzy logic systems. The algorithm is employed for the protection of short transmission lines against internal faults with/without resistance. By selecting the best stability characteristics based on fuzzy logic systems, the possibility of protection relays' malfunction will be negligible. In this algorithm, sensitivity, reliability and speed of the relay performance are preserved at suitable levels. Considerable external faults which can saturate current transformers (CTs) have been taken to account in this algorithm. This study purpose is to present an algorithm based on the fuzzy logic, which can select the best slopes for stability characteristics of a differential relay during various conditions. The presented algorithm performance has been analyzed by PSCAD/EMTDC software and compared to conventional methods. The results of fuzzy adaptive protection performance testing prove that the proposed algorithm remains fully immune to current transformer saturation during external faults. The other advantage of this algorithm bases on the fact that the scheme does not need to detect CT saturation, it processes the proposed criteria signals independently of the situation.

Optimal Placement of Distributed Energy Resources to Reduce Losses, Improve Voltage Profile, and Convert it into a Self-healing Smart Grid

“…Reliability is another benefit that can be achieved using DGs and the ENS model. Fault location and fault clearance along the fault branch are used to calculate ENS [22,23].…”

“…Sectionalizers and reclosers can reduce the range of fault impact and reduce the number of users experiencing long-term outages [23,24]. The repair duration includes the time required to isolate the faulty branch, connect an emergency node, and repair the fault location.…”

“…The paper [2] presents a method for determining the best location for DGs by minimizing the overall energy loss. This method uses nonlinear programming and optimal power flow (OPF) techniques, taking into account operational Journal Green Energy Research and Innovation 1(1) (2024) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] constraints and uncertainties in load and power generation resources in the IEEE 33-bus test system. The unit commitment (UC) problem is addressed in [3] using a novel evolutionary approach.…”

Power Equations for Non-Detection Zone of Islanding Detection in Renewable-Energy-based Microgrids with Multiple Connection Points to Micro-Grids

“…On the other hand, active methods depend on the grid's reaction to a minor injected disturbance to detect the islanding condition. The hybrid strategy is a fusion of the active and passive techniques used to overcome NDZ [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Islanding in a power network can only occur when there is an equilibrium between the active and reactive powers.…”

A Novel and Robust Model of the GUPFC Controller System Based on Adaptive Fuzzy Logic- PI Controller to Enhance the Control System Performance in Following Reference Active and Reactive Power

“…The inverter system considered in this compensator is a 48-pulse GTO voltage source converter, shown in Fig. 4, which consists of four three-level inverters and four phase-shifting transformers [22][23][24][25]. With the help of a three-level GTO link, all the inverters considered in this converter can produce three-phase voltage with a quasi-sine square waveform.…”