A novel high-pressure apparatus to study hydrate–sediment interactions

Eaton, Michael; Mahajan, Devinder; Flood, Roger D.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2005.09.006

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Aside from commercially available core analysis equipment, such as those available from Core Laboratories (Texas, USA), high pressure vessels have been designed and constructed for the study of methane hydrates (Eaton et al, 2007;Fitzgerald et al, 2012;McCallum et al, 2007), sampling and analysis of deep sea microbiology (Bianchi et al, 1999) and a large-scale high pressure vessel for purposes of petroleum industry-related studies (Yale et al, 2010a;Yale et al, 2010b). Additional high pressure research equipment is necessary to advance the understanding of biogeochemical processes such as (1) how microbes and microbial activity is affected by pressure and temperature conditions in the subsurface (Abe et al, 1999;Bartlett, 2002;Martin et al, 2013;Spilimbergo et al, 2002), (2) how chemical reactions are enhanced or inhibited by high pressure and (3) how pressure may impact porous media characteristics such as porosity and permeability (Ali et al, 1987;Fatt, 1953).…”

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confidence: 99%

Design of a meso-scale high pressure vessel for the laboratory examination of biogeochemical subsurface processes

Phillips

Eldring

Hiebert

et al. 2015

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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than two orders of magnitude. This single high pressure experiment suggests MICP can be used to reduce permeability in fractures under relevant subsurface conditions. This study also suggests that the high pressure vessel is suitable for testing a range of biogeochemical processes in meso-scale fractured porous media samples under pressure. The high pressure test system could also be well suited for studying microbially-enhanced methane production from coal, wellbore and cement integrity challenges with corrosive fluids, proppant and hydraulic fracturing fluid investigations, enhanced oil recovery, microbially-induced corrosion, or biofouling among many other industry-related biogeochemical processes.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a meso-scale high pressure vessel for the laboratory examination of biogeochemical subsurface processes

Phillips

Eldring

Hiebert

et al. 2015

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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“…As detailed in a previous work (Eaton et al 2007), the hydrates in the cell can be formed in several different ways. In a 'dynamic mode', hydrates are formed in a pre-pressurized cell by decreasing the temperature through the phase boundary.…”

Section: Hydrate Formation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This gas flowrate was chosen not only because it approaches the lower limit of the attached Brooks Instruments mass flow controller, but also because previous experiments (Eaton et al 2007) have shown that 'saturation' of the system occurs at flowrates between 75 and 220 ml min 21 . At higher flowrates, the gas-to-sediment-water exposure time is too limited, retarding hydrate growth and gas consumption.…”

Section: Hydrate Formation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mimicking natural systems: methane hydrate formation-decomposition in depleted sediments

Eaton

Jones

Mahajan

2009

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We have initiated a systematic study of sediment-hydrate interaction under subsurface-mimic conditions to initially focus on marine hydrates. A major obstacle to studying natural hydrate systems has been the absence of a sophisticated mimic apparatus in which the hydrate formation phenomenon can be reproduced with precision. We have designed and constructed a bench-top unit, namely flexible integrated study of hydrates (FISH), for this purpose. The unit is fully instrumented to precisely record temperatures, pressures and changes in gas volume during absorption/evolution. The Labview software allows rapid and continuous data collection during the hydrate formation/dissociation cycle. In our integrated approach, several host sediments collected from Blake Ridge, a well-researched hydrate site, were characterized using the computed microtomography technique at Beamline X-26A of the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The characterized depleted sediments were then used to study the hydrate formation/decomposition kinetics under various pressures in the FISH unit. We report two hydrate formation methods: one under continuous methane gas-flow conditions (dynamic mode) and the other in which hydrates are formed from the dissolved gas phase by diffusion (static mode). Also reported is a depressurization method, namely the step-down pressure method, to yield gas evolution data. Data from such runs with host sediment from the deepest site (667 metres) is presented. During hydrate formation, the data reveals a temperature signature that is consistent with an exothermic hydrate formation event. In the decomposition cycle, data at various pressures was analysed to yield curves with similar slopes, suggesting a zero-order dependence. The capabilities of the FISH unit and the implications of these runs in establishing a database of sediment-hydrate kinetics and pore saturation are discussed.

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“…Both kinds of apparatus previously mentioned enable the study of pure gas hydrates. Beside, there are laboratory facilities for investigating the properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments or gas hydrates in porous media Eaton et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2002;Madden et al, 2009;Phelps et al, 2001;Waite et al, 2008;Winters et al, 2007). The apparatus presented here was developed keeping in mind the primary features required for an apparatus devoted to the study formation, accumulation and destabilisation of gas hydrate at the macroscopic level.…”

Section: Description Of the Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of gas hydrate formation and destabilisation using a novel high-pressure apparatus

Ruffine

Donval

Charlou

et al. 2010

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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a b s t r a c tA novel variable-volume type high-pressure apparatus has been designed, constructed and used for gas hydrate investigations. The apparatus has an operating temperature ranging from 253 K to 473 K and pressure ranging from 0.1 MPa to 60 MPa. Its central component consists of a viewing windows cell to which several sensors or analytical instruments can be connected. At its present configuration, a Raman spectrometer and a gas chromatograph are connected for the study of the liquid (or solid) and the gas phases respectively.The apparatus was used for the study of two different systems. The first system was composed of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water for which the hydrate formation and dissolution has been investigated by injecting water into liquid CO 2 . The evolution of the system was monitored by means of visual observation in combination with Raman spectroscopy. The second system consists of thermogenic-like gases (i.e. synthetic natural gas) for which the hydrate formation and dissociation have additionally been investigated by monitoring the change of the vapour phase composition. The consequences of the destruction of the hydrate skin formed at the wateregas interface have been studied. Thus, an attempt has been made to study the importance of the interfacial contact layer between the gas phase and the aqueous phase for the hydrate growth process. In this paper, we describe in detail the apparatus, followed by the presentation of the results on both systems investigated.

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A novel high-pressure apparatus to study hydrate–sediment interactions

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Design of a meso-scale high pressure vessel for the laboratory examination of biogeochemical subsurface processes

Design of a meso-scale high pressure vessel for the laboratory examination of biogeochemical subsurface processes

Mimicking natural systems: methane hydrate formation-decomposition in depleted sediments

Experimental study of gas hydrate formation and destabilisation using a novel high-pressure apparatus

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