A Novel Physarum-Inspired Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

There is a tradeoff between routing efficiency and energy equilibrium for sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Inspired by the large and single-celled amoeboid organism, slime mold Physarum polycephalum, this paper presents a novel Physaruminspired routing protocol (P-iRP) for WSNs to address the above issue. In P-iRP, a sensor node can choose the proper next hop by using a proposed Physarum-inspired selecting next hop model (P-iSNH), which comprehensively considers the distance, energy residue, and location of the next hop. As a result, the P-iRP can get a rather low algorithm complexity of (√ ), which greatly reduces the processing delay and saves the energy of sensors. Moreover, by theoretical analysis, the P-iSNH always has an equilibrium solution for multiple next hop candidates, which is vital factor to the stability of routing protocol. Finally, simulation results show that P-iRP can perform better in many scenarios and achieve the effective tradeoff between routing efficiency and energy equilibrium compared to other famous algorithms.

Bionic Optimization Based Stability and Congestion Aware Routing Algorithm for Airborne Highly Dynamic Network

“…In [38,39], the mathematical model of Physarum polycephalum can select the appropriate routes which is used for data transmission. We improve this model, which can make it conduct route selection in ad hoc UAV network.…”

Review of nature-inspired methods for wake-up scheduling in wireless sensor networks

“…The physarum algorithm models WSNs as undirected graphs G ¼ ðV; EÞ, where vertices v A V represent sensor nodes and edges eA E the wireless links between pairs of nodes [134]. Each edge has a fixed length, L e , and a variable diameter, D e .…”

B-iTRS: A Bio-Inspired Trusted Routing Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

“…Bio-inspired methods [10][11][12][13][14][15] are advantageous for solving the problems regardless of security and efficiency of routing protocols. Gunes et al [10] present an on-demand routing algorithm ARA based on ant colony optimization (ACO) and AODV [16].…”

“…Li et al [13] present a routing protocol for wireless sensor networks based on PAO. We study the foraging rule of Physarum and present a Physarum-inspired routing protocol for WSNs [14,15].…”