A novel image steganography technique based on quantum substitution boxes

El‐Latif, Ahmed A. Abd; Abd-El-Atty, Bassem; Venegas-Andraca, Salvador E.

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.03.005

Cited by 151 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The nonlinear behaviour of quantum-inspired walks described above together with the deterministic nature of state growth via unitary operators as well as the high sensitivity of quantum walks to initial conditions support the treatment of quantum-inspired discrete quantum walks as discrete-time and discrete-value chaotic systems 25,26,30 .…”

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confidence: 90%

Quantum-inspired cascaded discrete-time quantum walks with induced chaotic dynamics and cryptographic applications

El‐Latif

Abd-El-Atty

Amin

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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119

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Designing efficient and secure cryptosystems has been a preoccupation for many scientists and engineers for a long time wherein they use chaotic systems to design new cryptosystems. While one dimensional (1-D) chaotic maps possess powerful properties compared to higher dimension ones, they are vulnerable to various attacks due to their small key space, chaotic discontinuous ranges, and degradation in chaotic dynamical behaviours. Moreover, when simulated on a computer, every such chaotic system produces a periodic cycle. Meanwhile, quantum random walks exhibit the potential for deployment in efficient cryptosystem design, which makes it an excellent solution for this problem. In this context, we present a new method for constructing substitution boxes (S-boxes) based on cascaded quantum-inspired quantum walks and chaos inducement. the performance of the proposed S-box scheme is investigated via established S-box evaluation criterion and outcomes suggest that the constructed S-box has significant qualities for viable applications information security. Further, we present an efficient scheme for pseudo-random numbers generation (PRNG) whose sustainability over long periods remedies the periodicity problem associated with traditional cryptographic applications. Furthermore, by combining the two mechanisms, an atypical image encryption scheme is introduced. Simulation results and analysis validate that the proposed image encryption algorithm will offer gains in many cryptographic applications. Chaotic systems have attracted a great deal of attention across different scientific and engineering disciplines, especially in designing new cryptosystems and cryptanalysis. A chaotic system is an evolution map of a deterministic dynamical system that reconstructs the state of a system S 0 to a new state S 1 depending on the initial state of S 0 , a control parameter C, and time T 1. Chaotic maps exhibit the desired properties of ergodicity, unpredictability, and sensitivity to their control parameter(s) and initial value(s) that satisfy the requirements for cryptosystem confusion-diffusion properties 2-4. In fact, an inappropriate initial control parameter of a chaotic system can lead to non-chaotic behaviours, which implies the reduction in nonlinearity levels as well as circumvention of insecurity pitfalls 5,6. Currently, chaotic dynamical systems play a vital role in designing modern cryptographic applications, such as constructing S-boxes, generating pseudo-random numbers, designing image encryption algorithms and so on 7-16 , which are based on the unproven assumptions pertaining to computational complexity and that their constructions are based on mathematical models. However, with the development of quantum technologies, some of these traditional security mechanisms, and cryptographic applications may be effortlessly violated and abused 17-19. Among the computational models developed in quantum computation, quantum walks (QWs), which is a universal model of quantum computation that has been traditionally employed to de...

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mentioning

confidence: 90%

Quantum-inspired cascaded discrete-time quantum walks with induced chaotic dynamics and cryptographic applications

El‐Latif

Abd-El-Atty

Amin

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Based on Arnold transformation and LSB steganography, Zhou et al [18] brought forward a quantum steganography algorithm for color images, and such an algorithm can be applied to copyright protection of quantum images. Based on quantum walks, a new technique for image steganography was designed [19]. It could be used with any type of secret message.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steganography of Quantum Color Images Based on Blocking and Gray Level Difference

Luo¹,

Shi²,

Oad³

et al. 2020

JESTR

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Steganography of quantum images is restricted by high fidelity and robustness, which limit hiding capacity and decrease visual quality. To improve the concealment of steganographic embedding of secret messages and enhance embedding capacity, the present study proposed a quantum red-green-blue (RGB) image steganography based on image block and gray level difference. First, digital color images were represented by quantum models and divided into non-overlapping blocks. Second, reference pixels in the blocks were selected, and gray level difference between the reference pixels and the G channel of other pixels was calculated. Third, according to the location of the difference, different bit planes where secret messages were embedded into the R and the B channels of the carrier image were determined. Finally, steganographic image was divided into blocks. The G channel gray difference was calculated, and the original secret message was extracted. Results demonstrate that quantum RGB image steganography has a steganographic capacity of four bits per pixel, and its quantum circuit is less complex. In comparison with other quantum image steganographic methods, the proposed method ensures a large steganographic capacity while realizing satisfactory visual quality and steganographic concealment. The study provides reference significance for exploring data hiding and quantum image security based on quantum RGB image block.

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“…Continuous S‐box design evolvement based on chaos has motivated researchers to utilize chaotic systems in combination with other nonlinear portents for image encryption, watermarking, and steganography . As a result, chaos and other nonlinear phenomena have been utilized to encrypt images .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly dispersive substitution box (S‐box) design using chaos

et al. 2020

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Highly dispersive S‐boxes are desirable in cryptosystems as nonlinear confusion sub‐layers for resisting modern attacks. For a near optimal cryptosystem resistant to modern cryptanalysis, a highly nonlinear and low differential probability (DP) value is required. We propose a method based on a piecewise linear chaotic map (PWLCM) with optimization conditions. Thus, the linear propagation of information in a cryptosystem appearing as a high DP during differential cryptanalysis of an S‐box is minimized. While mapping from the chaotic trajectory to integer domain, a randomness test is performed that justifies the nonlinear behavior of the highly dispersive and nonlinear chaotic S‐box. The proposed scheme is vetted using well‐established cryptographic performance criteria. The proposed S‐box meets the cryptographic performance criteria and further minimizes the differential propagation justified by the low DP value. The suitability of the proposed S‐box is also tested using an image encryption algorithm. Results show that the proposed S‐box as a confusion component entails a high level of security and improves resistance against all known attacks.

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A novel image steganography technique based on quantum substitution boxes

Cited by 151 publications

References 39 publications

Quantum-inspired cascaded discrete-time quantum walks with induced chaotic dynamics and cryptographic applications

Quantum-inspired cascaded discrete-time quantum walks with induced chaotic dynamics and cryptographic applications

Steganography of Quantum Color Images Based on Blocking and Gray Level Difference

Highly dispersive substitution box (S‐box) design using chaos

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