A Novel Intrusion Mitigation Unit for Interconnected Power Systems in Frequency Regulation to Enhance Cybersecurity

Abstract

Cyberattacks (CAs) on modern interconnected power systems are currently a primary concern. The development of information and communication technology (ICT) has increased the possibility of unauthorized access to power system networks for data manipulation. Unauthorized data manipulation may lead to the partial or complete shutdown of a power network. In this paper, we propose a novel security unit that mitigates intrusion for an interconnected power system and compensates for data manipulation to augment cybersecurity. The studied two-area interconnected power system is first stabilized to alleviate frequency deviation and tie-line power between the areas by designing a fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FPID) controller. Since the parameters of the FPID controller can also be influenced by a CA, the proposed security unit, named the automatic intrusion mitigation unit (AIMU), guarantees control over such changes. The effectiveness of the AIMU is inspected against a CA, load variations, and unknown noises, and the results show that the proposed unit guarantees reliable performance in all circumstances.

Microgrid to smart grid's evolution: Technical challenges, current solutions, and future scopes

“…Fractional order PID controller Improves the performance of the PID controller and protects the frequency, speed regulator and biasing factor from CA. [216,217] BADAL ET AL.…”

Cybersecurity Analysis of Load Frequency Control in Power Systems: A Survey

“…Recently, an optimal two-stage Kalman filtering approach has been proposed to handle the template attacks and has been validated on benchmark mulit-area power systems [58]. In [59], the authors suggested installing an automatic intrusion mitigation unit supported with PID controller that can not only protect the LFC operation against the cyber-attack, but also against power system model uncertainties and external noises.…”