A Novel Non-Invasive Thermometer for Continuous Core Body Temperature: Comparison with Tympanic Temperature in an Acute Stroke Clinical Setting

Abstract

There is a growing research interest in wireless non-invasive solutions for core temperature estimation and their application in clinical settings. This study aimed to investigate the use of a novel wireless non-invasive heat flux-based thermometer in acute stroke patients admitted to a stroke unit and compare the measurements with the currently used infrared (IR) tympanic temperature readings. The study encompassed 30 acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent continuous measurement (Tcore) with the novel wearable non-invasive CORE device. Paired measurements of Tcore and tympanic temperature (Ttym) by using a standard IR-device were performed 3–5 times/day, yielding a total of 305 measurements. The predicted core temperatures (Tcore) were significantly correlated with Ttym (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). The comparison of the Tcore and Ttym measurements by Bland–Altman analysis showed a good agreement between them, with a low mean difference of 0.11 ± 0.34 °C, and no proportional bias was observed (B = −0.003, p = 0.923). The Tcore measurements correctly predicted the presence or absence of Ttym hyperthermia or fever in 94.1% and 97.4% of cases, respectively. Temperature monitoring with a novel wireless non-invasive heat flux-based thermometer could be a reliable alternative to the Ttym method for assessing core temperature in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Development of a Core Body Thermometer Applicable for High-Temperature Environment Based on the Zero-Heat-Flux Method

“…In addition, dual-heat-flux thermometers may also have some promise for wearable thermometers if they do not require excessive accuracy but focus only on capturing abnormal changes in the core body temperature. Although the principle of dual-heat-flux thermometry was recognized theoretically [ 30 ], little research has been conducted until recently, where it was introduced in wearable thermometers [ 2 ]. Owing to the advantages of low-power operation and the capability to operate in high-temperature environments, it warrants further research.…”

“…Core body temperature (CBT), compared with skin temperature, which is easily affected by external temperature, is a key indicator of fever, thermal strain [ 1 ], and personal thermal comfort in a high-temperature environment. Fever-prone patients [ 2 , 3 ] and the population at risk of heatstroke (including athletes [ 4 , 5 ], outdoor workers [ 6 ], and firefighters [ 7 ]) require non-invasive CBT thermometers for health management and monitoring of thermal strain. This study aims to develop a non-invasive CBT thermometer with reasonable accuracy that is available at wider ambient temperature range.…”

Ocular surface heat flux density as a biomarker related to diabetic retinopathy (pilot study)

“… 4 Temperature as a physiologic biomarker is widely used in clinical practice to diagnose and monitor various diseases. 5 However, for a complete understanding of the intensity of heat transfer, it is advisable to measure the temperature values along with a quantitative assessment of heat flux (HF). This helps to improve the understanding of the functioning of organs and tissues.…”

Compact Dual-Band On-Body Near Field Antenna With Reflector for Measuring Deep Core Temperature

“…Non-invasive methods have been studied to overcome this invasive method limitation [9][10][11][12][13]. The use of microwave radiometer for measuring deep core temperature has garnered attention.…”