A novel open reading frame in tobacco mosaic virus genome coding for a putative small, positively charged protein

Morozov, Sergey Y.; Denisenko, Oleg; Zelenina, D. A.; Федоркин, О. Н.; Solovyev, Andrey G.; Maiß, E.; Casper, R.; Atabekov, J.G.

doi:10.1016/0300-9084(93)90096-b

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There are RNA sequence and predicted secondary structure similarities between the subgroup 1 and subgroup 2 RNAs in the region of TMV's origin of assembly and virus particles of a size expected for the encapsidation of subgenomic CP mRNA have not been detected for TVCV or its relatives. A small ORF overlaps the 3′ end of the MP coding region in a different frame in many tobamoviruses (Morozov et al ., 1993). Its predicted product has been suggested to function in infection in Nicotiana benthamiana but not in N. tabacum (P. Paulkaitis, T. Canto, S.A. MacFarlane, unpublished data).…”

Section: Tvcv Molecular Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Turnip vein‐clearing virus,from pathogen to host expression profile

Melcher

2003

Molecular Plant Pathology

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SUMMARYTaxonomy: Turnip vein-clearing virus (TVCV) is a member of subgroup 3 of the Tobamovirus genus and is thus a member of the alphavirus-like supergroup of positive sense RNA-containing viruses.Physical properties: Virions, typical of tobamoviruses, are rod-shaped and consist of a single species of four-helix bundle capsid proteins of 17 kDa helically arranged around a 6.3 knt RNA which accounts for 5% of the virion mass. Virions are stable for years.Hosts: Members of the crucifer family are excellent hosts. Particularly noteworthy is that hosts include the model plant for molecular genetics, Arabidopsis thaliana. No non-mechanical vectors of transmission are known.

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Section: Tvcv Molecular Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Turnip vein‐clearing virus,from pathogen to host expression profile

Melcher

2003

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…The 183-kDa, 30-kDa, and CP open reading frames (ORFs) are sequentially located with small intergenic noncoding regions or terminal overlaps (37,68). One further ORF that overlaps the 30-kDa protein and CP ORFs and encodes a small protein (4.8 kDa) was found in some, but not all, tobamovirus species and named ORF6 (Figure 1a) (102). The 126-kDa and 183-kDa proteins participate in viral RNA replication and are synthesized by translation of the genomic RNA.…”

Section: Introduction Tobamovirusesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Disruption of ORF6 attenuates host responses to TMV in Nicotiana benthamiana, suggesting a role for ORF6 in viral pathogenicity (15). The ORF6 protein is produced by in vitro translation of the 30-kDa protein subgenomic RNA (102). …”

Section: Introduction Tobamovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication of Tobamovirus RNA

Ishibashi

Ishikawa

2016

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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Tobacco mosaic virus and other tobamoviruses have served as models for studying the mechanisms of viral RNA replication. In tobamoviruses, genomic RNA replication occurs via several steps: (a) synthesis of viral replication proteins by translation of the genomic RNA; (b) translation-coupled binding of the replication proteins to a 5'-terminal region of the genomic RNA; (c) recruitment of the genomic RNA by replication proteins onto membranes and formation of a complex with host proteins TOM1 and ARL8; (d) synthesis of complementary (negative-strand) RNA in the complex; and (e) synthesis of progeny genomic RNA. This article reviews current knowledge on tobamovirus RNA replication, particularly regarding how the genomic RNA is specifically selected as a replication template and how the replication proteins are activated. We also focus on the roles of the replication proteins in evading or suppressing host defense systems.

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“…In general, during the derivation of viral genome organizations from the sequences of their genomes, separate ORFs of less than 10 kDa have tended to be ignored, unless they occurred in several strains of the same virus or in different viral species in the same genus. In one such example, an ORF (which we refer to as ORF6) encoding a protein of 38-45 aa was described as being present in the genomes of TMV and the tobamoviruses Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (Morozov et al, 1993). Transcription of RNA corresponding to the ToMV ORF6 from a cDNA clone and translation in vitro yielded a protein of approximately 4-5 kDa (Morozov et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one such example, an ORF (which we refer to as ORF6) encoding a protein of 38-45 aa was described as being present in the genomes of TMV and the tobamoviruses Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (Morozov et al, 1993). Transcription of RNA corresponding to the ToMV ORF6 from a cDNA clone and translation in vitro yielded a protein of approximately 4-5 kDa (Morozov et al, 1993). The ORF6-encoded protein of ToMV has a predicted molecular mass of 3?9 kDa, while that of TMV has a predicted molecular mass of 4?8 kDa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ORF6 of Tobacco mosaic virus is a determinant of viral pathogenicity in Nicotiana benthamiana

Canto¹,

MacFarlane²,

Palukaitis³

2004

Journal of General Virology

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Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) contains a sixth open reading frame (ORF6) that potentially encodes a 4?8 kDa protein. Elimination of ORF6 from TMV attenuated host responses in Nicotiana benthamiana without alteration in virus accumulation. Furthermore, heterologous expression of TMV ORF6 from either potato virus X (PVX) or tobacco rattle virus (TRV) vectors enhanced the virulence of both viruses in N. benthamiana, also without effects on their accumulation. By contrast, the presence or absence of TMV ORF6 had no effect on host response or virus accumulation in N. tabacum plants infected with TMV or PVX. TMV ORF6 also had no effect on the synergism between TMV and PVX in N. tabacum. However, the presence of the TMV ORF6 did have an effect on the pathogenicity of a TRV vector in N. tabacum. In three different types of assay carried out in N. benthamiana plants, expression of TMV ORF6 failed to suppress gene silencing. Expression in N. benthamiana epidermal cells of the encoded 4?8 kDa protein fused to the green fluorescent protein at either end showed, in addition to widespread cytosolic fluorescence, plasmodesmatal targeting specific to both fusion constructs. The role of the ORF6 in host responses is discussed.

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A novel open reading frame in tobacco mosaic virus genome coding for a putative small, positively charged protein

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Turnip vein‐clearing virus,from pathogen to host expression profile

Turnip vein‐clearing virus,from pathogen to host expression profile

Replication of Tobamovirus RNA

ORF6 of Tobacco mosaic virus is a determinant of viral pathogenicity in Nicotiana benthamiana

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