A Novel Quadrangular Slotted DGS with a Wideband Monopole Radiator for Fifth-generation Sub-6 GHz Mid-band Applications

Abstract

The demand for high data rate, good channel capacity, and reliability is always the primary area of concern in the modern era of wireless communication systems. The 5G standards have the fortitude to bring about rapid data transfer speeds, instantaneous connectivity, large data capacities, and minimal latency. In this paper, a novel quadrangular slotted defected ground structure (QSDGS) that incorporates a wide band microstrip antenna (WMA) was proposed for 5G n46/n47/n79 and n102 band applications. The DGS was represented on the ground plane by four rectangular looped slots. An inset feeding technique was employed on this slotted patch antenna. This DGS loaded patch antenna structure was mounted on an RT Duriod 5880 (ε r = 2.2, loss tangent = 0.0009) with dimensions of 33 × 29 × 1.5 mm 3 (0.44λ × 0.38λ × 0.02λ, where 'λ' is calculated at the lowest operating wavelength). This embedded antenna radiating structure resonated in a wide band ranging from 4.03 GHz to 6.32 GHz giving an impedance bandwidth of 2.3 GHz (50%), with a centre frequency of 4.44 GHz. The maximum gain was 4.7 dBi, and greater than 75% efficiency was obtained over the wide band. From the results extracted from the proposed antenna, it was found that the antenna was capable of covering the 5G NR n46/n47/n79 and n102 bands with significant bandwidth, gain, and efficiency. Thus, the antenna can be considered a potential contender for 5G mid-band wireless communication systems.