A novel semi-immersive virtual reality visuo-motor task activates ventrolateral prefrontal cortex: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Moro, Sara Basso; Carrieri, Marika; Avola, Danilo; Brigadoi, Sabrina; Lancia, Stefania; Petracca, Andrea; Spezialetti, Matteo; Ferrari, Marco; Placidi, Giuseppe; Quaresima, Valentina

doi:10.1088/1741-2560/13/3/036002

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…The changes of HbO 2 /Hb level in the VLPFC appeared to have followed the demand of visuo‐motor interactions, being modest upon the game onset and becoming larger after the first encounter. The results are, therefore, consistent with the notion that VLPFC activations during video game playing may be a response to visuo‐motor processes .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Early studies reported positive DLPFC activation during game‐like cognitive tasks, which was modulated by game difficulty . However, there are also many previous studies reporting DLPFC deactivations during virtual reality visuo‐motor tasks and active video game playing . The deactivation of DLPFC appeared to be modulated by the genre of the game, but not the age or the performance level of the player .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In addition, VLPFC is also a part of the ventral attentional network responsible for reorienting attention in a bottom‐up manner when salient stimuli occur in the external environment . VLPFC activations have been observed previously during video game playing and virtual reality tasks; and been linked to cognitive demand required for the player's visuo‐motor interactions with the virtual environment .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…VLPFC is involved in integration of multisensory stimuli, processing visual‐object signals, spatial navigation and associating the results from these processes to motor responses and/or action control . In addition, VLPFC is also a part of the ventral attentional network responsible for reorienting attention in a bottom‐up manner when salient stimuli occur in the external environment .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated that it is feasible to use EEG to explore event‐related neural processes during video game playing under naturalistic conditions . Having a good compromise among temporal resolution, spatial resolution and ecological validity, fNIRS is already proven a useful tool to monitor time‐resolved hemodynamic/oxygenation changes in the PFC and temporal gyrus during video game playing . In this study, we used fNIRS to record real‐time hemoglobin concentration changes in the PFC when the subjects played a massively multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game, League of Legends (LOL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real‐time monitoring prefrontal activities during online video game playing by functional near‐infrared spectroscopy

Zhang

Long

et al. 2018

Journal of Biophotonics

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A growing body of literature has suggested that video game playing can induce functional and structural plasticity of the brain. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain poorly understood. In this study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to record prefrontal activities in 24 experienced game players when they played a massively multiplayer online battle arena video game, League of Legends (LOL), under naturalistic conditions. It was observed that game onset was associated with significant activations in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and concomitant deactivations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and frontal pole area (FPA). Game events, such as slaying an enemy and being slain by an enemy evoked region-specific time-locked hemodynamic/oxygenation responses in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). It was proposed that the VLPFC activities during LOL playing are likely responses to visuo-motor task load of the game, while the DLPFC/FPA activities may be involved in the constant shifts of attentional states and allocation of cognitive resources required by game playing. The present study demonstrated that it is feasible to use fNIRS to monitor real-time prefrontal activity during online video game playing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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