A Novel Technique for Wells that Require Gravel Packing for Sand Control and Inflow Control Devices for Managing Water Encroachment: Case Histories from Ocelote Field in Colombia

Abstract

Gravel packing is one of the commonly used sand control techniques in long openhole horizontal completions. Although numerous wells have been gravel packed with either one of the two placement techniques (α/β or shunt tubes), achieving a complete pack with sand control screens that have inflow control devices (ICD) can be challenging to say the least. This is because of the high pressure drops needed for the fluid to flow through the ICD into the base-pipe/wash-pipe annulus at the typical rates used for gravel packing, resulting in significant pressure rise and exceeding the fracturing pressure of the formation. Although using a screen without an ICD at the bottommost joint would certainly allow the α-wave to reach the toe, the pressure buildup will occur as soon as the β-wave proceeds upstream of that joint, which will either result in formation fracturing and bridging or significant rate reduction and α-wave height increase (near the heel first), both events resulting in a premature screenout. Ocelote field in Colombia requires sand control, and gravel packing and standalone screens (SAS) have both been used in openhole horizontal completions in various parts of the field. An additional challenge in this field has been the premature water breakthrough from the aquifer leading to very high water cuts after only a few months of production. ICDs have successfully been implemented in SAS completions to address this challenge in other parts of the world. Similarly, gravel packing has been successful in controlling sand in parts of the field where SAS was considered unsatisfactory, although water cut in most of these wells increased to 70 to 90% after only 3 months of production. In this paper, we present a novel technique for wells that require gravel packing for sand control and ICD functionality for managing water encroachment. Detailed in the paper is the first application of the proposed technique in Ocelote field, which resulted in 100% pack efficiencies using the water packing technique as well as significant reduction in water cuts, with substantial improvement in the project economics.

Case Study: Utilizing of Inflow Control Device To Control Oil Wells from Water Production and Regulate Waterfront Encroachment

“…Every field and every well have its own challenges, requirements, and limitations (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) . Issues such as early water or gas breakthrough, unbalanced production influx, downhole cross-flow, fractured reservoir, or surface facility limitations are considered in the ICD completion design on a case by case basis.…”

“…In addition, ICD can be used as reservoir management tool to eliminate heel-to-toe effect, stop sand production and downhole cross-flow (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) . In addition, ICD can be used as reservoir management tool to eliminate heel-to-toe effect, stop sand production and downhole cross-flow (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) .…”