A novel transient directional pilot protection principle based on sequential overlapping derivative transform for AC transmission lines

Abstract

The access of large‐scale renewable energy and power electronic equipment to the power grid makes the power source and short‐circuit paths possess time‐varying characteristics when faults occur, which has a serious impact on the traditional protection based on power frequency components. Besides, higher requirements are needed for relay protection in the power grid. The transient fault current contains a large amount of fault information. First, the bus capacitance has a strong reflection effect on the high frequency signal, and there are obvious differences in the high frequency component of the fault current of internal and external faults. Next, a transient quantity algorithm based on sequential overlapping derivative transform is introduced. The algorithm can effectively suppress the low frequency component and enhance the high frequency component in the current, which simply and effectively highlights the difference between the transient current of internal and external faults. Finally, through the ratio of high frequency energy of each outgoing line, the fault direction can be accurately determined, and the transient directional pilot protection can be formed. The accuracy of the protection scheme is verified by a large number of simulation experiments.

A Summary of Relay Protection-based Simulation for Dynamic Performance and Reliability Assessment

“…Relay protection staff must work closely with other professionals in the power system, such as system operators and engineers, to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the network. Effective communication and collaboration help to facilitate the identification and resolution of system faults and failures, reducing the risk of prolonged outages and costly repairs [13].…”

“…The setting of relevant indicators is an essential component of performance management, monitoring, and evaluation. It involves selecting and defining the criteria and measures that will be used to assess the performance and impact of a system, process, or strategy [13,18]. The indicators should be relevant, reliable, valid, and feasible to collect and analyze.…”