A nucleobase cation symporter 2, EaXanP, from Erwinia amylovora transports xanthine

Funk, A.M.; Huntley, Regan B.; Mourad, George; Schultes, Neil P.

doi:10.1007/s42161-020-00584-5

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A series of growth studies were performed in the presence of the toxic nucleobase analogue 8-azaguanine (8AG) that has been previously used to probe the solutebinding site capabilities of NCS2 and NCS1 guanine transporters (Mansfield et al 2009;Mourad et al 2012;Schein et al 2013;Rapp et al 2016;Funk et al 2020;Nguyen et al 2020). In a plate diffusion assay, JW4025-1 cells harbouring either pQE80L or pAS104 were imprinted onto separate halves of Petri plates and the centre of the plate treated with either control 1 mmol l À1 NaOH (solvent for dissolving 8AG) or 300 µg 8AG and grown overnight.…”

Section: Eaghxp Transports Guanine Hypoxanthine and 8azaguaninementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nucleobase transport has been extensively studied in Escherichia coli and coupled with the close amino acid similarities between E. coli and E. amylovora , xanthine and uracil transporters have been used to investigate nucleobase transport in E. amylovora (Funk et al . 2020; Bittner et al . 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies infer that, however limited, purines are available from host tissues and taken up by E. amylovora. Nucleobase transport has been extensively studied in Escherichia coli and coupled with the close amino acid similarities between E. coli and E. amylovora, xanthine and uracil transporters have been used to investigate nucleobase transport in E. amylovora (Funk et al 2020;Bittner et al 2020). Similar analysis can be applied to guanine transport in E. amylovora.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The guanine–hypoxanthine permease GhxP of Erwinia amylovora facilitates the influx of the toxic guanine derivative 6‐thioguanine

et al. 2020

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Aim Erwinia amylovora is the causal agent of fire blight, a devastating disease of apples and pears. This study determines whether the E. amylovora guanine–hypoxanthine transporter (EaGhxP) is required for virulence and if it can import the E. amylovora produced toxic analogue 6‐thioguanine (6TG) into cells. Methods and Results Characterization of EaGhxP in guanine transport deficient Escherichia coli reveals that it can transport guanine, hypoxanthine and the toxic analogues 8‐azaguanine (8AG) and 6TG. Similarly, EaGhxP transports 8AG and 6TG into E. amylovora cells. EaGhxP has a high affinity for 6TG with a Ki of 3·7 µmol l−1. An E. amylovora ⊿ghxP::Camr strain shows resistance to growth on 8AG and 6TG. Although EaGhxP is expressed during active disease propagation, it is not necessary for virulence as determined on immature apple and pear assays. Conclusions EaGhxP is not required for virulence, but it does import 6TG into E. amylovora cells. Significance and impact of the Study As part of the disease establishment process, E. amylovora synthesizes and exports a toxic guanine derivative 6TG. Our results are counter intuitive and show that EaGhxP, an influx transporter, can move 6TG into cells raising questions regarding the role of 6TG in disease establishment.

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Section: Eaghxp Transports Guanine Hypoxanthine and 8azaguaninementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The guanine–hypoxanthine permease GhxP of Erwinia amylovora facilitates the influx of the toxic guanine derivative 6‐thioguanine

et al. 2020

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Functional characterization of the adenine transporter EaAdeP from the fire blight pathogenErwinia amylovoraand its effect on disease establishment in apples and pears

Alexander

Huntley

Schultes

et al. 2020

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Erwinia amylovora is the causal agent of fire blight, an economically important disease of apples and pears. As part of the infection process E. amylovora propagates on different plant tissues each with distinct nutrient environments. Here, the biochemical properties of the E. amylovora adenine permease (EaAdeP) are investigated. Heterologous expression of EaAdeP in nucleobase transporter-deficient E. coli strains, coupled with radiolabel uptake studies revealed that EaAdeP is a high affinity adenine transporter with a Km of 0.43 ± 0.09 μM. Both E. coli and E. amylovora carrying extra copies of EaAdeP are sensitive to growth on the toxic analog 8-azaadenine. EaAdeP is expressed during immature pear fruit infection. Immature pear and apple fruit virulence assays reveal that an E. amylovora ΔadeP::Camr mutant is still able to cause disease symptoms however with growth at a lower level, indicating that external adenine is utilized in disease establishment.

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Synthesis of aspartic acid and tyrosine by the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora is not required for proliferation on apple flower stigmas or virulence in fruitlets

Schultes,

Sinn,

Swenson

et al. 2024

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims The gram-negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Ea) is the causal agent of fire blight, a devastating disease of apples and pears. In the fire blight disease cycle, Ea grows in different plant tissues, each presenting a distinct nutrient environment. Here, we investigate the ability of aspartate and tyrosine double auxotroph Ea lines to proliferate on apple flower stigma surfaces representing the epiphytic growth stage of Ea and in developing fruitlets representing one endophytic growth stage of Ea. Methods and results Heterologous complementation studies in an Escherichia coli aspartate and tyrosine auxotroph verify that EaAspC and EaTyrB act as aspartate and tyrosine amino transferases. Growth analysis reveals that Ea aspC tyrB mutants multiply to near wild type levels on apple flower stigmas and immature fruitlets. Conclusions Ea aspC and tyrB are reciprocally complementing for aspartate and tyrosine synthesis in E. coli and in Ea. Ea aspC and tyrB mutants obtain sufficient aspartate and tyrosine to support multiplication on stigma surfaces and virulence in immature fruitlets.

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A nucleobase cation symporter 2, EaXanP, from Erwinia amylovora transports xanthine

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

The guanine–hypoxanthine permease GhxP of Erwinia amylovora facilitates the influx of the toxic guanine derivative 6‐thioguanine

The guanine–hypoxanthine permease GhxP of Erwinia amylovora facilitates the influx of the toxic guanine derivative 6‐thioguanine

Functional characterization of the adenine transporter EaAdeP from the fire blight pathogenErwinia amylovoraand its effect on disease establishment in apples and pears

Synthesis of aspartic acid and tyrosine by the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora is not required for proliferation on apple flower stigmas or virulence in fruitlets

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