A numerical investigation on the effects of porosity on the plastic anisotropy of additive manufactured stainless steel with various crystallographic textures

Abstract

For additive manufacturing materials, different process parameters might cause non-negligible microstructural defects. Due to the deficient or surplus energy input during the process, porosity would result in significantly different mechanical responses. In addition, the heterogeneity of the microstructure of additive manufactured material could increase the anisotropic behavior in both deformation and failure stages. The aim of this study is to perform a numerical investigation of the anisotropic plasticity affected by the microstructural features, in particular, texture and porosity. The coupling of the synthetic microstructure model and the crystal plasticity method is employed to consider the microstructural features and to predict the mechanical response at the macroscopic level, including both flow curve and r-value evolution. The additive manufactured 316L stainless steel is chosen as the reference steel in this study. Porosity decreases the stress of material, however, it reduces the anisotropy of material with both two types of textures. Regardless of porosity, grains with <111>//BD fiber of reference material is preferable for high strength requirement while the random orientations are favorable for homogeneous deformation in applications.