There is always a need for alternative and efficient methods of drug delivery. The
nasal cavity can be considered as a non-invasive and efficient route of administration. It has
been used for local, systemic, brain targeting, and vaccination delivery. Although many intranasal
products are currently available on the market, the majority is used for local delivery
with fewer products available for the other targets. As nanotechnology utilization in drug delivery
has rapidly spread out, the nasal delivery has become attractive as a promising approach.
Nanoparticulate systems facilitate drug transportation across the mucosal barrier, protect
the drug from nasal enzyme degradation, enhance the delivery of vaccines to the lymphoid
tissue of the nasal cavity with an adjuvant activity, and offer a way for peptide delivery
into the brain and the systemic circulation, in addition to their potential for brain tumor treatment.
This review article aims at discussing the potential benefit of the intranasal nanoparticulate
systems, including nanosuspensions, lipid and surfactant, and polymer-based nanoparticles
as regards productive intranasal delivery. The aim of this review is to focus on the topicalities
of nanotechnology applications for intranasal delivery of local, systemic, brain, and
vaccination purposes during the last decade, referring to the factors affecting delivery, regulatory
aspects, and patient expectations. This review further identifies the benefits of applying
the Quality by Design approaches (QbD) in product development. According to the reported
studies on nanotechnology-based intranasal delivery, potential attention has been focused on
brain targeting and vaccine delivery with promising outcomes. Despite the significant research
effort in this field, nanoparticle-based products for intranasal delivery are not available.
Thus, further efforts are required to promote the introduction of intranasal nanoparticulate
products that can meet the requirements of regulatory affairs with high patient acceptance.