A Perfluorochemical Emulsion as an Oxygen Carrier

Yokoyama, Kazumasa; Suyama, Takehiro; Okamoto, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Masahiro; Ohyanagi, Harumasa; Saitoh, Yoichi

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1594.1984.tb04241.x

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Lengthy purification was needed to remove products containing residual hydrogens or unsaturations and nitrogen fluorides. The similarly produced isomeric F -4-methyloctahydroquinolidizine (FMOQ) 5.5 was also given some consideration and numerous other F -amines investigated for O 2 delivery, as well as F -α,ω-dichlorooctane 5.7 , the PFC used in Oxyfluor (HemaGen-PFC, St Louis, Mo), were all produced electrochemically.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Fluorocarbons Relevant To In Vivo Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

2001

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Pharmaceutical Corporation in San Diego; however, the opinion expressed here are solely his and not necessarily those of the Corporation. Jean G. Riess received his chemical engineer and doctorat-e `s-sciences degrees (the latter with Professor Guy Ourisson in 1963) from the University of Strasbourg. He then spent two years with John Van Wazer at Monsanto in Saint-Louis, MO, learning some phosphorus and transitionmetal chemistry. In 1968 he became Professor at the University of Nice, France, where he founded, directed, and eventually became honorary director of the Unite ´de Chimie Mole ´culaire (associated with the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique). His research successively involved phosphorus chemistry, transition-metal chemistry, organometallics, and eventually perfluorochemicals. His present interests are in fluorocarbons, fluorinated amphiphiles, and their colloid chemistry, including fluorocarbon emulsions for in vivo O 2 delivery, fluorinated self-assemblies, and drug delivery systems. Professor Riess has published about 360 papers and holds ca. 25 patents. He has served on numerous councils and committees and has chaired or co-chaired international conferences on phosphorus chemistry and blood substitutes. He has won awards from the French Academy of Sciences, French Chemical Society, Alexander von Humboldt Stifftung, City of Nice and Controlled Release Society, as well as Alliance's first Distinguished Contribution Award. He holds an honorary Research Associate position at the University of California at San Diego and sits on the Board of Directors of Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp.

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Section: Synthesis Of Fluorocarbons Relevant To In Vivo Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

2001

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“…The nucleophiles employed are depicted as 4-6. Thus, (NPCl 2 ) 3 and (NPCl 2 ) 4 were allowed to react in THF with a large excess (3 equiv per chlorine) of adamantanamine (4), with sodium adamantane oxide (5), or with sodium adamantane methoxide (6) to determine the most favorable reaction conditions and estimate the maximum loading of each side group. In the presence of triethylamine as a hydrogen chloride acceptor, 4 reacts readily with (NPCl 2 ) 3 to yield a mixture of tetra-and hexasubstituted products and with (NPCl 2 ) 4 to give the octasubstituted product.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adamantane (tricyclo[3.3.1.1 3,7 ]decane) is a highly symmetric, thermodynamically stable cage compound with the same framework structure as a diamond lattice. The unusual structure of adamantane imparts many useful chemical and physical properties, such as high thermal and oxidative stabilities, extreme lipophilicity, low surface energy, and high density. , Adamantane and its derivatives have found uses that range from lubricants , to pharmaceuticals. , Adamantyl groups have been incorporated into the main chain or side groups of polymers in an effort to take advantage of the special properties of the adamantane structure. Polymers that bear adamantyl moieties include polyacrylates, − polyamides, thermoset resins, and other materials. − These polymers generally possess improved thermal resistance and oxidative stability, raised melting point and glass transition temperatures, high dimensional stability, and improved solvent or hydrolysis stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Adamantane and its derivatives have found uses that range from lubricants 2,3 to pharmaceuticals. 4,5 Adamantyl groups have been incorporated into the main chain or side groups of polymers in an effort to take advantage of the special properties of the adamantane structure. Polymers that bear adamantyl moieties include polyacrylates, [6][7][8] polyamides, 9 thermoset resins, 10 and other materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyphosphazenes with Adamantyl Side Groups

Allcock

Krause

1997

Macromolecules

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Poly[bis(adamantylamino-co-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene], poly[bis(adamantyloxy-co-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene], and poly[bis(adamantylmethoxy-co-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] with different ratios of adamantyl to trifluoroethoxy groups were synthesized by macromolecular substitution. This work was preceded by model compound studies with cyclophosphazene trimers and tetramers. Polymers in which all the side groups were adamantyl units could not be prepared because of the steric restrictions imposed by the side groups. However, the mixed-substituent polymers with trifluoroethoxy cosubstituents were accessible by sequential substitutions on poly(dichlorophosphazene). These reactions were complicated by some displacement of adamantyl groups by the second nucleophilesodium trifluoroethoxide. The molecular and materials properties of the mixed-substituent polymers are described.

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“…The intravascular halflife of the two PFCs in Fluosol is approximately 10 to 13 h in the rat at dosages used in this study, and is undetectable in the blood after 2 days (Lutz & Metzenauer 1980;Yokoyama et a1 1982). The half-life of perfiuorodecalin in the rat liver, spleen, lungs, kidney, and adipose tissue is 7 to 8 days, while the half-life of perfiuorotripropylamine in the tissues is greater than 60 days (Geyer 1982;Yokoyama et al 1984;Mitsuno et a1 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Effect of Varying Percentages of Haemodilution with Fluosol-DA or Normal Saline on Antipyrine Metabolism in the Rat

Shrewsbury

Oliver

Anderson

et al. 1988

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Antipyrine disposition and metabolism in conscious, unrestrained rats after 25 or 50% haemodilution with Fluosol or normal (0.9% NaCl) saline is reported. Rats received an intravenous antipyrine dose (20 mg kg-1) 0.5, 24, 48, or 72 h after haemodilution and its pharmacokinetic parameters have been compared with non-exchanged control animals. Haemodilution 25% with Fluosol initially depressed antipyrine metabolism for 24 h by decreasing the antipyrine urinary excretion rate constant and the formation rate constants of 4-hydroxyantipyrine (4-OH) and 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine (3-OHME). Metabolism was then increased for 48 and 72 h with a slight increase in all rate constants. Haemodilution 50% with Fluosol produced a similar pattern but with significant increases in the 3-OHME formation rate constant found at 48 and 72 h. Haemodilution 25% with saline reduced 4-OH formation for 48 h. Haemodilution 50% with saline significantly reduced antipyrine urinary excretion at all times. After a significant increase in the 4-OH and 3-OHME formation rate constants at 24 h following 50% haemodilution with saline, the rate constants were significantly decreased at 48 and 72 h. Haemodilution 25% with Flusol significantly reduced the antipyrine Vd at 0.5 and 72 h. After haemodilution 50% with Fluosol, the Vd alternated between values greater and less than control throughout the 72 h. Haemodilution 25 or 50% with saline had little influence on Vd.

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A Perfluorochemical Emulsion as an Oxygen Carrier

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

Polyphosphazenes with Adamantyl Side Groups

The Effect of Varying Percentages of Haemodilution with Fluosol-DA or Normal Saline on Antipyrine Metabolism in the Rat

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