A Perspective on Fluorescent Nanodiamond Bioimaging

Torelli, Marco D.; Nunn, Nicholas; Shenderova, Olga

doi:10.1002/smll.201902151

Cited by 88 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Microwave frequency ν = 9.44 GHz 0-200 mW range. 5 We observe an I pp ~ (P MW ) 1/2 dependence only for microwave power below ~ 15 Wμ. In this case, I pp demonstrates saturation in the range below 1 mW and reaches a maximum at ~ 1 mW.…”

Section: Epr Of Polycrystals and Diamond Crystallites Before And Aftementioning

confidence: 69%

“…4 Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan. 5 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, LuMIn, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 6 College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK.…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NV − and NVN can be controllably generated in nanodiamonds. Nanodiamonds are widely recognised as non-toxic nanoparticles and hence can be used as long-term traceable labels in biomedical applications [5]. Nanocrystals with NV − colour centres are also used for quantum sensing [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Quality Green-Emitting Nanodiamonds Fabricated by HPHT Sintering of Polycrystalline Shockwave Diamonds

et al. 2020

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We demonstrate a high-pressure, high-temperature sintering technique to form nitrogen-vacancy-nitrogen centres in nanodiamonds. Polycrystalline diamond nanoparticle precursors, with mean size of 25 nm, are produced by the shock wave from an explosion. These nanoparticles are sintered in the presence of ethanol, at a pressure of 7 GPa and temperature of 1300 °C, to produce substantially larger (3–4 times) diamond crystallites. The recorded spectral properties demonstrate the improved crystalline quality. The types of defects present are also observed to change; the characteristic spectral features of nitrogen-vacancy and silicon-vacancy centres present for the precursor material disappear. Two new characteristic features appear: (1) paramagnetic substitutional nitrogen (P1 centres with spin ½) with an electron paramagnetic resonance characteristic triplet hyperfine structure due to the I = 1 magnetic moment of the nitrogen nuclear spin and (2) the green spectral photoluminescence signature of the nitrogen-vacancy-nitrogen centres. This production method is a strong alternative to conventional high-energy particle beam irradiation. It can be used to easily produce purely green fluorescing nanodiamonds with advantageous properties for optical biolabelling applications.

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Section: Epr Of Polycrystals and Diamond Crystallites Before And Aftementioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Quality Green-Emitting Nanodiamonds Fabricated by HPHT Sintering of Polycrystalline Shockwave Diamonds

et al. 2020

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“…The NDs special biocompatibility and safety can be coupled to the rich chemistry provided by the diamond surface [287] which enables the grafting of a wide variety of molecules [288,289]. This renders diamond an extraordinary platform useful for different kinds of applications [284,290] spanning from quantum sensing [291,292], to fluorescent probes and tracking [293,294], bioimaging [295,296], drug delivery [297,298] and nano-biomedicine [299,300].…”

Section: Nanodiamonds and Diamond Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

Liu

Speranza

2019

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Over the past decade, carbon nanostructures (CNSs) have been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications. Examples are the use of CNSs for drug and protein delivery or in tools to locally dispense nucleic acids to fight tumor affections. CNSs were successfully utilized in diagnostics and in noninvasive and highly sensitive imaging devices thanks to their optical properties in the near infrared region. However, biomedical applications require a complete biocompatibility to avoid adverse reactions of the immune system and CNSs potentials for biodegradability. Water is one of the main constituents of the living matter. Unfortunately, one of the disadvantages of CNSs is their poor solubility. Surface functionalization of CNSs is commonly utilized as an efficient solution to both tune the surface wettability of CNSs and impart biocompatible properties. Grafting functional groups onto the CNSs surface consists in bonding the desired chemical species on the carbon nanoparticles via wet or dry processes leading to the formation of a stable interaction. This latter may be of different nature as the van Der Waals, the electrostatic or the covalent, the π-π interaction, the hydrogen bond etc. depending on the process and on the functional molecule at play. Grafting is utilized for multiple purposes including bonding mimetic agents such as polyethylene glycol, drug/protein adsorption, attaching nanostructures to increase the CNSs opacity to selected wavelengths or provide magnetic properties. This makes the CNSs a very versatile tool for a broad selection of applications as medicinal biochips, new high-performance platforms for magnetic resonance (MR), photothermal therapy, molecular imaging, tissue engineering, and neuroscience. The scope of this work is to highlight up-to-date using of the functionalized carbon materials such as graphene, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, fullerene and nanodiamonds in biomedical applications.

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“…10,11 Of special interest are nanodiamond particles carrying nitrogen-vacancies (FDP-NV − ) that enable the particles to become fluorescent upon excitation at 580-620nm, resulting in near infra-red (NIR) emission in the peak range of 720-740 nm. 12,13 The NIR light emission of such particles displays exceptional stability with negligible interference by biological elements such as water and oxyhemoglobin. 14 Furthermore, the surfaces of these particles can be functionalized with a variety of chemical groups (carboxyls, amines, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Effects of Fluorescent Diamond Particles FDP-NV-800nm on Essential Biochemical Functions of Primary Human Umbilical Vein Cells and Human Hepatic Cell Line, HepG-2 in vitro (Part VI): Acute Biocompatibility Studies</p>

Marcinkiewicz¹,

Lelkes²,

Sternberg³

et al. 2020

NSA

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Background: Recently, we reported the safety and biocompatibility of fluorescent diamond particles, FDP-NV-Z-800nm (FDP-NV) injected intravenously into rats, where no morbidity and mortality were noted over a period of 3 months. The acute effects of FDP-NV-800nm particles on cultured human endothelial and hepatic cells remain unexplored. Purpose: In this study, we aimed to explore select cellular and biochemical functions in cultured human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) and a human hepatic cancer cell line (HepG-2) exposed to FDP-NV-800 in vitro at exposure levels within the pharmacokinetics (Cmax and the nadir) previously reported in vivo. Methods: Diverse cellular and biochemical functions were monitored, which cumulatively can provide insights into some vital cellular functions. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed by quantitative microscopy. Mitochondrial metabolic functions were tested by the MTT assay, and cytosolic esterase activity was studied by the calcein AM assay. Chaperons (CHOP), BiP and apoptosis (caspase-3 activation) were monitored by using Western blot (WB). MAPK Erk1/2 signaling was assessed by the detection of the phosphorylated form of the protein (P-Erk 1/2) and its translocation into the cell nucleus. Results: At all concentrations tested (0.001-0.1mg/mL), FDP-NV did not affect any of the biomarkers of cell integrity of HepG2 cells. In contrast, the proliferation of HUVEC was affected at the highest concentration tested (0.1mg/mL, C max). Exposure of HUVEC to (0.01 mg/mL) FDP-NV had a mild-moderate effect on cell proliferation as evident in the MTT assay and was absent when proliferation was assessed by direct cell counting or by using the calcein AM assays. In both cell types, exposure to the highest concentration (0.1 mg/mL) of FDP-NV did neither affect FBSstimulated cell signaling (MAPK Erk1/2 phosphorylation) nor did it activate of Caspase 3. Conclusion: Our data suggest that FDP-NV-800nm are largely biocompatible with HepG-2 cells proliferation within the pharmacokinetic data reported previously. In contrast, HUVEC proliferation at the highest exposure dose (0.1 mg/mL) responded adversely with respect to several biomarkers of cell integrity. However, since the C max levels are very short-living, the risk for endothelial injury is likely minimal for slow rate cell proliferation such as endothelial cells.

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A Perspective on Fluorescent Nanodiamond Bioimaging

Cited by 88 publications

References 168 publications

High-Quality Green-Emitting Nanodiamonds Fabricated by HPHT Sintering of Polycrystalline Shockwave Diamonds

High-Quality Green-Emitting Nanodiamonds Fabricated by HPHT Sintering of Polycrystalline Shockwave Diamonds

Functionalization of Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

<p>Effects of Fluorescent Diamond Particles FDP-NV-800nm on Essential Biochemical Functions of Primary Human Umbilical Vein Cells and Human Hepatic Cell Line, HepG-2 in vitro (Part VI): Acute Biocompatibility Studies</p>

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