A Perspective on IEEE Time-Sensitive Networking for Industrial Communication and Automation Systems

A Classification of the Enabling Techniques for Low Latency and Reliable Communications in 5G and Beyond: AI-Enabled Edge Caching

“…The work in [16] presented that the ULL communications in 5G and beyond networks will likely rely on the IEEE 802.1 time sensitive networking (TSN) and the emerging IETF deterministic networking (DetNet) standards. In [31]- [33], it was highlighted that the TSN and DetNet standards could establish reliable communication channels for a given traffic flow over the network with deterministic quality of service (QoS) guarantees. The standards can guarantee QoS in terms of bounded ULL, jitter, congestion loss, and reliability, regardless of the other ongoing flows competing for the same resources.…”

“…Nevertheless, the studies in [1], [3], [4], [9], [28], [34]- [39], [41], [43] failed to discuss the enabling techniques for achieving bounded ULL. In contrast, bounded ULL was considered in [16], [31], [44]. Therefore, [16], [31], [44] discussed the techniques for achieving bounded ULL in deterministic networks.…”

“…In contrast, bounded ULL was considered in [16], [31], [44]. Therefore, [16], [31], [44] discussed the techniques for achieving bounded ULL in deterministic networks. The work in [16] surveyed the existing studies that specifically target the support of ULL in 5G networks.…”

“…Nonetheless, [16] limited its scope and did not discuss in detail the other URLLC enabling techniques such as caching. In [31], the applicability of TSN and DetNet mechanisms to various industries such as industrial automation and automotive in-vehicle networking was discussed. On the contrary, [31], [44] did not discuss the other URLLC enabling techniques such as caching, network slicing, sTTI, and grant-free access.…”

“…When bounded ULL is required, i.e., deterministic latency where all frames of a given application traffic flow must not exceed a prescribed ULL bound, the TSN and DetNet standards present effective mechanisms [10], [16], [31]- [33], [51]. Thus, the TSN and DetNet standards ensure real-time guarantees, determinism, high fault-tolerance, and clock synchronization mechanisms.…”