A perspective on implantable biomedical materials and devices for diagnostic applications

Pulugu, Priyanka; Ghosh, Sumanta Kumar; Rokade, Shital; Choudhury, Kaushik Roy; Arya, Neha; Kumar, Prasoon

doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100287

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…When considering the noncarbon materials used for coating, such electrodes are also used as polymers (such as PEDOT [40]) and as composites for nano bioglass/gelatin scaffolds implemented with antibacterial nanosilver and developed as a conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration [41]. The wide application of CNTs for biosensors (for glucose detection) and neurosensors is well-known [42], and they can also be used as biocatalysts, ion channel blockers, tools in cancer diagnosis and therapy, and nanovectors [43]. The electrochemical neurotransmitter sensors capable of detecting dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, glutamate, nitric oxide, and adenosine are widely based on carbon-nanostructure-modified electrodes, including carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene oxide (GO), graphdiyne, and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) [44].…”

Section: Biomaterials For the Nervous Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whether Carbon Nanotubes Are Capable, Promising, and Safe for Their Application in Nervous System Regeneration. Some Critical Remarks and Research Strategies

Zieliński

Majkowska-Marzec

2022

Coatings

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Carbon nanotubes are applied in or considered for different fields of medicine. Among them is the regeneration or rebuilding of nervous system components, which still lack substantial progress; this field is supported by carbon nanotubes to a great extent as the principal material. The limited research on this issue has involved PU/silk/MWCNTs, PCL/silk/MWCNTs, PCL/PGS/CNTs, chitin/CNTs, PGF/CNTs, CNTs/PGFs/PLDLA, MWCNTs/chitosan, MWCNTs/PPy, PLA/MWCNTs, PU/PAA/MWCNts, GelMA/SACNTs, and CNTs alone, which have been subjected to different surface modifications and applied in the form of solid materials or scaffolds that are degradable or nondegradable. So far, these attempts have shown that the use of surface-modified MWCNTs is a promising way to improve the functions of nervous systems as a whole, even though some drawbacks, such as the potential cytotoxicity or the weak adhesion of CNTs to other components, may appear and be eliminated by their proper functionalization. The present review presents an idea of a nonbiodegradable scaffold structure composed of a chosen conductive polymer that is able to create a scaffold structure, a selected nanocarbon form (with MWCNTs as the first candidate), and a corrosion-resistant metal as a conductor. Other substances are also considered for their ability to increase the mechanical strength and adhesion of CNTs and their biological and electrical properties. The novelty of this approach is in the simultaneous use of nanocarbon and conductive metallic fibers in a polymer scaffold structure.

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Section: Biomaterials For the Nervous Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whether Carbon Nanotubes Are Capable, Promising, and Safe for Their Application in Nervous System Regeneration. Some Critical Remarks and Research Strategies

Zieliński

Majkowska-Marzec

2022

Coatings

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“…On the other hand, when the specific application requests the output of the CV-AFE be a DC or AC voltage signals, the design architecture mainly employs a fully-analog approach; for example, this is the case for driving high-refresh-rate AMOLED displays [ 28 ], to control accelerometer, gyroscopes and positioning sensors [ 35 , 36 , 38 ]. The proposed CV-AFE circuit belongs to the latter class of converters since its DC output voltage can be employed to control the variations of the pneumatic muscle elongation or contraction with respect to a C-MKM initial value or rest condition by using suitable analog actuators [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. The CV-AFE circuit has been implemented on a laboratory breadboard by using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) discrete components whose values have been chosen by considering variations of the C-MKM length up to 50 mm corresponding to a change of the C-MKM capacitance up to 25 pF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Current-Mode Analog Front-End for Capacitive Length Transducers in Pneumatic Muscle Actuators

Di Patrizio Stanchieri,

De Marcellis,

Faccio

et al. 2024

Micromachines

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This paper reports on the design, implementation, and characterization of a current-mode analog-front-end circuit for capacitance-to-voltage conversion that can be used in connection with a large variety of sensors and actuators in industrial and rehabilitation medicine applications. The circuit is composed by: (i) an oscillator generating a square wave signal whose frequency and pulse width is a function of the value of input capacitance; (ii) a passive low-pass filter that extracts the DC average component of the square wave signal; (iii) a DC-DC amplifier with variable gain ranging from 1 to 1000. The circuit has been designed in the current-mode approach by employing the second-generation current conveyor circuit, and has been implemented by using commercial discrete components as the basic blocks. The circuit allows for gain and sensitivity tunability, offset compensation and regulation, and the capability to manage various ranges of variations of the input capacitance. For a circuit gain of 1000, the measured circuit sensitivity is equal to 167.34 mV/pF with a resolution in terms of capacitance of 5 fF. The implemented circuit has been employed to measure the variations of the capacitance of a McKibben pneumatic muscle associated with the variations of its length that linearly depend on the circuit output voltage. Under step-to-step conditions of movement of the pneumatic muscle, the overall system sensitivity is equal to 70 mV/mm with a standard deviation error of the muscle length variation of 0.008 mm.

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“…Researchers are faced with the task of finding alternative diagnostic devices to replace the conventional diagnostic methods. Microsensors have been extensively utilized for monitoring animal physiological information and as auxiliary tools for disease diagnosis, which can be classified as wearable (skin) [ 4 ], implantable (tissue) [ 5 ], ingestible (gastrointestinal tract) [ 6 ] depending on the location of the microsensor application. Wearable sensors detect biomarkers in the biological fluid on the body surface non-invasively, but their accuracy is constrained due to the restricted volume of the biological fluid for detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implantable Electrochemical Microsensors for In Vivo Monitoring of Animal Physiological Information

Zhou,

Fan

et al. 2023

Nano-Micro Lett.

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In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases in animals and aiding in the exploration of mechanisms underlying human diseases. Currently, implantable electrochemical microsensors have emerged as a prominent area of research. These microsensors not only fulfill the technical requirements for monitoring animal physiological information but also offer an ideal platform for integration. They have been extensively studied for their ability to monitor animal physiological information in a minimally invasive manner, characterized by their bloodless, painless features, and exceptional performance. The development of implantable electrochemical microsensors for in vivo monitoring of animal physiological information has witnessed significant scientific and technological advancements through dedicated efforts. This review commenced with a comprehensive discussion of the construction of microsensors, including the materials utilized and the methods employed for fabrication. Following this, we proceeded to explore the various implantation technologies employed for electrochemical microsensors. In addition, a comprehensive overview was provided of the various applications of implantable electrochemical microsensors, specifically in the monitoring of diseases and the investigation of disease mechanisms. Lastly, a concise conclusion was conducted on the recent advancements and significant obstacles pertaining to the practical implementation of implantable electrochemical microsensors.

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A perspective on implantable biomedical materials and devices for diagnostic applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Whether Carbon Nanotubes Are Capable, Promising, and Safe for Their Application in Nervous System Regeneration. Some Critical Remarks and Research Strategies

Whether Carbon Nanotubes Are Capable, Promising, and Safe for Their Application in Nervous System Regeneration. Some Critical Remarks and Research Strategies

A Current-Mode Analog Front-End for Capacitive Length Transducers in Pneumatic Muscle Actuators

Implantable Electrochemical Microsensors for In Vivo Monitoring of Animal Physiological Information

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