“…Another opportunity consists of developing biosurfactants and bionanoparticles for CEOR processes or even for applications in mobility control in CO 2 -EOR processes, implying important benefits in reducing the CO 2 footprint and using CO 2 with possibilities of underground sequestration. 86 Also, nanotechnology can offer solutions by designing carbon quantum dot nanomaterials (CQDs) with exclusive fluorescence properties. Recent studies 21,87,88 have shown that CQDs can be injected to know the connectivity of the patterns, and even through integration into the CEOR processes, the arrival time of the surfactant can be determined.…”