A Perspective on Recent Advances in 2D Stanene Nanosheets

Abstract

for example, incompatibility with the semiconductor industry, [13] toxicity, [14] and susceptibility to oxidative environments. [7] Accordingly, researchers are on the lookout for other existing or synthetic 2D analogues.There have been numerous reports describing a wide variety of layered ultrathin 2D nanomaterials beyond graphene, with fascinating and technologydriven properties. These single-layer atomic crystals are classified in terms of their constituent elemental bonding states and structures. Most of them are transition metals bonded with chalcogenide groups (e.g., MoS 2 , MoSe 2 , WS 2 , TiS 2 ), [13,15] metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), [16] metalorganic frameworks (MOFs), [17] covalent organic frameworks (COFs), [18] hexagonal boron nitrides, [19] and monoelemental 2D analogues (e.g., silicene, germanene, and phosphorene). [20] The emergence of new fascinating physical and chemical properties is encouraging the discovery of new classes of 2D nanomaterials, prepared either from 3D van der Waals bulk phases (through top-down techniques) or through self-assembly of elemental constituents from wet-chemical or vapor phase (bottom-up approaches). The former types of synthetic strategies are mostly exfoliation processes from 3D layered structures, including physical exfoliation (by forced delamination of layers), [21] liquid phase exfoliation (by the chemistry of matching with solute-solvent interface energy), [22] and ion intercalation and exfoliation (by electrochemical reactions). [23,24] These processes for preparing 2D nanosheets are widely followed because they are sufficiently simple and robust for scalable production; nevertheless, they can be challenging to use when synthesizing nanosheets with uniform thicknesses and lateral dimensions. The scalability of these processes for manufacturing nanosheets has, however, been exploited widely, for example, in energy storage devices, [25] sensors, [26] electronics and photonic devices, [27] as well as in biomedicine. [27] The bottom-up approaches involve growth and self-assembly from the atomic scale, mostly involving chemical vapor deposition, [28] pulsed laser deposition, [28] and epitaxial growth. [29] Although these processes for fabricating 2D nanosheets provide good control over the homogeneity of the structures, they occur with complex growth mechanisms and are not scalable. Interestingly, quantum confinement effects are prominent in fabricated atomic-layer structures, and suggest a new dimension for future nanoelectronics and many other advanced applications. [30][31][32][33] Advancements in 2D nanomaterials have been impacting a wide range of technology-driven applications. Here, the authors highlight stanene, a material that comprises a monolayer of elemental tin atoms, as a new addition to the monoelemental 2D family. Recent successes in the experimental realization of stanene in supported heterostructures and in free-standing form have expanded interest in exploring and unlocking its potential applications, as predicted from advanced theoreti...

MoS2 and Perylene Derivative Based Type‐II Heterostructure: Bandgap Engineering and Giant Photoluminescence Enhancement

“…Several TMDO heterostructure (HS) exhibit enhanced electrical and optical performances as compared to heterostructures consisting only of organic or inorganic materials . It is worth noting that by manipulating out‐of‐plane surface (i.e., replacing S atom by Se atom) in MoS 2 and other 2D material, such as stanene, can exhibit immense potential for future spintronic system . In addition, the key advantage of the HS lies in a complete freedom of material choice in the hetero‐stacks, due to the weak vdW interlayer interaction and each layer can be freestanding through “ideally” clean interface .…”

Cryogenic Exfoliation of 2D Stanene Nanosheets for Cancer Theranostics

“…As a typical topological 2D material, 2D Sn significantly differs from stannum-based materials such as stannum protoxide and stannum oxide, characterizing particular physicochemical properties such as tunable bandgaps, chiral phases, strong spin–orbit coupling, and quantum spin Hall effect via its stable buckled structures [ 22 ]. Until now, the main synthesis method of Sn material is to deposit Sn onto various substrates through physical vapor deposition (PVD) [ 22 ]. Zhu et al [ 23 ] reported the first successful preparation of 2D SnNSs on the surface of Bi 2 Te 3 (111) substrate via molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), paving the avenue for further experimental studies.…”

“…Zhu et al [ 23 ] reported the first successful preparation of 2D SnNSs on the surface of Bi 2 Te 3 (111) substrate via molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), paving the avenue for further experimental studies. Moreover, some other researches also have achieved Sn growth on semiconductor Si(111) and InSb(111) substrate [ 24 , 25 ], metal substrates (e.g., Pt, Au, Ag, Cu, Al, Ni, Pd, Ir) [ 22 ], and semimetallic Sb(111) substrate [ 26 ] under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) ambiance. Nevertheless, these prepared 2D Sn materials through epitaxial growth approaches suffer from some drawbacks, such as vertical scale inhomogeneity and scalable synthesis limitation [ 27 ].…”

Computer Simulation of the Electric Transport Properties of the FeSe Monolayer

“…With the discovery of graphene and other two-dimensional atomic crystals, the search for new 2D nanomaterials with unusual electrophysical properties began, as well as the development of various electronic devices based on it [13]- [15]. Various technological methods for synthesizing two-dimensional monoatomic crystals based on elements of the fourth group of the periodic table are already known: germanene [16], silicene [17], borophene [18], stanene [19], phosphorene [20], etc., as well as 2D crystals based on carbides, oxides, chlorides, nitrides, transition metal dichalcogenides, etc. [21].…”